Overview of Meta-Analyses: The Impact of Dietary Lifestyle on Stroke Risk

Altobelli, Emma; Angeletti, Paolo Matteo; Rapacchietta, Leonardo; Petrocelli, Reimondo

doi:10.3390/ijerph16193582

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…It is known that making lifestyle changes (nutrition, smoking habits, physical activity, alcohol, etc.) can radically change not only one's cardiovascular risk profile, but also the metabolic and oncological health of the individual [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Population of Central Italy: A Pilot Study

Altobelli,

Marzi,

Angeletti

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Background: By the mid-20th century, cardiovascular disease (CVD) had become an important cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. The aim was to set up a pilot study to screen citizens aged 45–59 in order to identify modifiable risk factors (RFs). Methods: Our study was conducted from February 2019 to February 2020 on citizens of a population of central Italy, aged 45–59, contacted by letter. The variables evaluated were lipid profile, glycemia, anthropometric parameters, lifestyle and utility of screening. Results: It is important to underline that from the comparison with Italian national data, our results showed that blood pressure and lipid profile had better values. On the contrary, there were some alarm bells: a high percentage (57%) of smokers (63.9 in men and 37.1 in women), a sedentary lifestyle (24.5%), and a significantly higher waist circumference than the reference cut-offs for both men and women. The organization of the screening was considered excellent by 56.3% of women and 48.4% of men, and good by 37.5% of women and 46.5% of men. Conclusions: Our study provides a picture to stakeholders of the state of the health of citizens in the area under study, in the immediate pre-pandemic period; however, it is important to underline that their state of health may be modified after the pandemic period. Furthermore, cardiovascular (CV) screening was perceived by the citizens to be important for health care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Population of Central Italy: A Pilot Study

Altobelli,

Marzi,

Angeletti

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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“…A decisive role could be played by family doctors in identifying high-risk patients, promoting their control through ultrasound screening, and making people aware of taking action on modifiable risk factors relating to lifestyles [ 38 ], with particular reference to smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal Aortic Screening Is a Priority for Health in Smoker Males: A Study on Central Italian Population

Altobelli

Filippo

Angeletti

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major public health problem. In the last decade, in some European countries, abdominal aortic screening (AAS) is emerging as a potential prevention for the rupture of AAA. The goals of our study were to estimate AAA prevalence and risk factors in males and females in a central Italian population, also defining the cost-effectiveness of AAS programs. A pilot study screening was conducted between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 in the municipality of Teramo (Abruzzo Region, Italy) in a group of men and women, ranging from the age of 65 to 79, who were not previously operated on for AAA. The ultrasound was performed by means of Acuson sequoia 512 Simens with a Convex probe. The anterior posterior of the infra-renal aorta was evaluated. The odds ratio values (ORs) were used to evaluate the risk of AAA, and the following determinants were taken into consideration: gender, smoke use, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease. We also estimated the direct costs coming from aneurysmectomy (surgical repair or endovascular aneurysms repair—EVAR). A total of 62 AAA (2.7%, mean age 73.8 ± 4.0) were diagnosed, of which 57 were in men (3.7%, mean age 73.6 ± 4.0) and 5 were in women (0.7%, mean age 74.3 ± 4.1). Male gender and smoke use are more important risk factors for AAA ≥ 3 cm, respectively: OR = 5.94 (2.37–14.99, p < 0.001) and OR = 5.21 (2.63–10.30, p < 0.000). A significant increase in OR was noted for AAA ≥ 3 cm and cardiac arrhythmia and ischemic heart disease, respectively: OR = 2.81 (1.53–5.15, p < 0.000) and OR = 2.76 (1.40–5.43, p = 0.006). Regarding the cost analysis, it appears that screening has contributed to the reduction in costs related to urgency. In fact, the synthetic indicator given by the ratio between the DRGs (disease related group) relating to the emergency and those of the elective activity went from 1.69 in the year prior to the activation of the screening to a median of 0.39 for the five-year period of activation of the screening. It is important to underline that the results of our work confirm that the screening activated in our territory has led to a reduction in the expenditure for AAA emergency interventions, having increased the planned interventions. This must be a warning for local stakeholders, especially in the post-pandemic period, in order to strengthen prevention.

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“…Instead of looking at individual nutrients or foods, pattern analysis examines the effects of overall diet and represents a broader picture of food and nutrient consumption, and maybe more predictive of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients [ 46 ]. It has also been demonstrated that the highest behavioral risk is incorrect nutrition for noncommunicable diseases, and that the choice of a balanced diet can reduce the risk of stroke [ 47 ].…”

Section: E Pidemiological and Observational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke and diets – A review

Lin

2021

Tzu Chi Medical Journal

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Stroke was one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. In addition, there was a significant increase in the disease burden of stroke in the world over the past 25 years, especially in developing countries. We searched PubMed (National Library of Medicine, USA) and Embase (Elsevier) databases using “Stroke and diets” as strategy, and additional references were obtained from the selected articles. The risk factors of stroke include age, sex, and modifiable factors such as hypertension, smoking, diet, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, psychological factors, and cardiac causes.–together account for >90% of the population attributable risk for stroke. They were discussed individually (Hypertension, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, Gut microbiota, Nutrition), and the dietary modifications to reduce these risks were also presented. In conclusion, besides low salt intake, plant-based dietary patterns (especially vegetarian diets) that are rich in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, seeds, nuts, and dairy and low in meat, sweets, and alcohol significantly improved risk factors for stroke, and observational studies clearly demonstrated the stroke morbidity and mortality benefits. Thus, dietary intervention should be considered as an important strategy in the prevention and management of stroke.

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Overview of Meta-Analyses: The Impact of Dietary Lifestyle on Stroke Risk

Cited by 6 publications

References 78 publications

The Burden of Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Population of Central Italy: A Pilot Study

The Burden of Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Population of Central Italy: A Pilot Study

Abdominal Aortic Screening Is a Priority for Health in Smoker Males: A Study on Central Italian Population

Stroke and diets – A review

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