Overview of Nephrotic Syndrome in Arab Children: Systematic review

Abstract

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is documented as a common chronic disease in childhood. Children with this illness repeatedly show periorbital swelling with or without generalized edema. It was estimated that the annual incidence rate of NS in children aged below 16 years is 2 to 7 new cases per 100 000, with a prevalence rate of 16 cases per 100 000. Objectives: This systematic review comprehensively investigates the recently published literature on incidence and pattern of nephrotic syndrome in infants and children. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results & interpretation: This review included nine studies with a total of 1418 patients. The incidence, mean age, sex dominance in different sample groups and the histopathological patterns were differ according to many factors.