Overview of Phylogenetic Approaches to Mycorrhizal Biogeography, Diversity and Evolution

Sánchez‐Ramírez, Santiago; Wilson, Andrew; Ryberg, Martin

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56363-3_1

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 318 publications

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“…The premise of the hypothesis is that since microorganisms are small, they reproduce rapidly, they have dormancy stages and they have high dispersal potential; it follows that they should not be limited by geographical barriers and distances [ 5 , 6 ]. However, there is a growing body of evidence from studies on archaea, bacteria, fungi and protists, which points to the existence of microbial biogeographic structure [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Preference of Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium to pH and Soil Types in the Core Cape Subregion, South Africa

Dludlu

Chimphango

Stirton

et al. 2017

Genes

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Over 760 legume species occur in the ecologically-heterogeneous Core Cape Subregion (CCR) of South Africa. This study tested whether the main symbionts of CCR legumes (Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium) are phylogenetically structured by altitude, pH and soil types. Rhizobial strains were isolated from field nodules of diverse CCR legumes and sequenced for 16S ribosomic RNA (rRNA), recombinase A (recA) and N-acyltransferase (nodA). Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Bayesian and maximum likelihood techniques. Phylogenetic signals were determined using the D statistic for soil types and Pagel’s λ for altitude and pH. Phylogenetic relationships between symbionts of the narrowly-distributed Indigofera superba and those of some widespread CCR legumes were also determined. Results showed that Burkholderia is restricted to acidic soils, while Mesorhizobium occurs in both acidic and alkaline soils. Both genera showed significant phylogenetic clustering for pH and most soil types, but not for altitude. Therefore, pH and soil types influence the distribution of Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium in the CCR. All strains of Indigofera superba were identified as Burkholderia, and they were nested within various clades containing strains from outside its distribution range. It is, therefore, hypothesized that I. superba does not exhibit rhizobial specificity at the intragenic level. Implications for CCR legume distributions are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Preference of Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium to pH and Soil Types in the Core Cape Subregion, South Africa

Dludlu

Chimphango

Stirton

et al. 2017

Genes

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“…This occurred during and following a period of global cooling (Scotese 2016 ) together with some of the last important geological events, including Cenozoic orogenies, which influenced the worldwide distribution of conifers. Close evolutionary histories among fungi and their hosts are well known in several parasitic and ectomycorrhizal fungal clades (Takamatsu 2013 ; Sánchez-Ramírez et al 2017 ; Looney et al 2020 )…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye

et al. 2021

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Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of 70 specimens collected primarily in Europe and North America. The results of our analyses support separation of the traditional Sarea difformis s.lat. and Sarea resinae s.lat. into two distinct genera, Sarea and Zythia. Sarea as circumscribed is shown to conservatively comprise three phylospecies, with one corresponding to Sarea difformis s.str. and two, morphologically indistinguishable, corresponding to the newly combined Sarea coeloplata. Zythia is provisionally maintained as monotypic, containing only a genetically and morphologically variable Z. resinae. The new genus Atrozythia is erected for the new species A. klamathica. Arthrographis lignicola is placed in this genus on molecular grounds, expanding the concept of Sareomycetes by inclusion of a previously unknown type of asexual morph. Dating analyses using additional marker regions indicate the emergence of the Sareomycetes was roughly concurrent with the diversification of the genus Pinus, suggesting that this group of fungi emerged to exploit the newly-available resinous ecological niche supplied by Pinus or another, extinct group of conifers. Our phylogeographic studies also permitted us to study the introductions of these fungi to areas where they are not native, including Antarctica, Cape Verde, and New Zealand and are consistent with historical hypotheses of introduction.

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“…Our molecular dating analysis included an additional set of 327 nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) sequences deposited in Genbank (Table S2), focusing on species level sampling and records that included geographic location (Sánchez-Ramírez et al 2017). We used BEAST v2.4.5 (Bouckaert et al 2014) on a supercomputer mainframe (SciNet, UofT) by choosing a lognormal-distributed clock model, the pure-birth Yule model as a tree prior, and a GTR+G substitution model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gondwanan connection – Southern temperate Amanita lineages and the description of the first sequestrate species from the Americas

et al. 2017

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Amanita is a diverse and cosmopolitan genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi. We describe Amanita nouhrae sp. nov., a new hypogeous ('truffle-like') species associated with Nothofagus antarctica in northern Patagonia. This constitutes the first report of a sequestrate Amanita from the Americas. Thick-walled basidiospores ornamented on the interior spore wall ('crassospores') were observed consistently in A. nouhrae and its sister epigeous taxon Amanita morenoi, a rarely collected but apparently common species from northern Patagonia that has sometimes been misidentified as the Australian taxon Amanita umbrinella. Nuclear 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA and mitochondrial 16S and 26S DNA placed these two species in a southern temperate clade within subgenus Amanita, together with other South American and Australian species. Based on a dated genus-level phylogeny, we estimate that the southern temperate clade may have originated near the Eocene/Oligocene boundary (ca. 35 Ma ± 10 Ma). This date suggests a broadly distributed ancestor in the Southern Hemisphere, which probably diversified as a result of continental drift, as well as the initiation of the Antarctic glaciation. By comparison, we show that this clade follows an exceptional biogeographic pattern within a genus otherwise seemingly dominated by Northern Hemisphere dispersal.

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Overview of Phylogenetic Approaches to Mycorrhizal Biogeography, Diversity and Evolution

Cited by 13 publications

References 318 publications

Differential Preference of Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium to pH and Soil Types in the Core Cape Subregion, South Africa

Differential Preference of Burkholderia and Mesorhizobium to pH and Soil Types in the Core Cape Subregion, South Africa

Sareomycetes: more diverse than meets the eye

The Gondwanan connection – Southern temperate Amanita lineages and the description of the first sequestrate species from the Americas

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