Overview of Plant Stresses: Mechanisms, Adaptations and Research Pursuit

Maheswari, M.; Yadav, Sushil Kumar; Shanker, Arun K.; Kumar, Mahesh; Venkateswarlu, B.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2220-0_1

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…During reproduction, a short period of heat stress can cause significant decrease in floral buds and flowers abortion although great variations in sensitivity within and among plant species and variety exists [76]. Even heat spell at reproductive developmental stages plant may produces no flowers or flowers may not produce fruit or seed [77,78]. The reasons for increasing sterility under abiotic stress conditions including the HT are impaired meiosis in both male and female organs, impaired pollen germination and pollen tube growth, reduced ovule viability, anomaly in stigmatic and style positions, reduced number of pollen grains retained by the stigma, disturbed fertilization processes, obstacle in growth of the endosperm, proembryo and unfertilized embryo [79].…”

Section: Plant Response To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanisms of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants

Hasanuzzaman

Nahar

Alam

et al. 2013

IJMS

1,731

985

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High temperature (HT) stress is a major environmental stress that limits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity worldwide. Plant growth and development involve numerous biochemical reactions that are sensitive to temperature. Plant responses to HT vary with the degree and duration of HT and the plant type. HT is now a major concern for crop production and approaches for sustaining high yields of crop plants under HT stress are important agricultural goals. Plants possess a number of adaptive, avoidance, or acclimation mechanisms to cope with HT situations. In addition, major tolerance mechanisms that employ ion transporters, proteins, osmoprotectants, antioxidants, and other factors involved in signaling cascades and transcriptional control are activated to offset stress-induced biochemical and physiological alterations. Plant survival under HT stress depends on the ability to perceive the HT stimulus, generate and transmit the signal, and initiate appropriate physiological and biochemical changes. HT-induced gene expression and metabolite synthesis also substantially improve tolerance. The physiological and biochemical responses to heat stress are active research areas, and the molecular approaches are being adopted for developing HT tolerance in plants. This article reviews the recent findings on responses, adaptation, and tolerance to HT at the cellular, organellar, and whole plant levels and describes various approaches being taken to enhance thermotolerance in plants.

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Section: Plant Response To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanisms of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants

Hasanuzzaman

Nahar

Alam

et al. 2013

IJMS

1,731

985

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Photosynthesis is the most sensitive physiological process affected by high temperature in plants and Photosystem II (PSII) is the most heat‐sensitive component of the photosynthetic apparatus (Wahid et al, 2007). Reduced leaf area and premature leaf senescence mainly contribute to the reduction in plant photosynthesis under heat stress (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2013; Maheswari, Yadav, Shanker, Kumar, & Venkateswarlu, 2012). Plants display varying degrees of susceptibility to high temperature at different developmental stages (Kumar, Sairam, & Prabhu, 2013; Wahid et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to heat stress during flowering period reduces flower yield and pyrethrins in Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium)

Suraweera

Groom

Nicolas

2020

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Heat stress is one of the major limitations to crop productivity worldwide. Global warming effects are expected to increase the number of hot days and increase the probability and intensity of heat stress events. Short periods (3–5 days) of heat stress with maximum temperatures exceeding 35°C often occur during late spring and early summer in some pyrethrum growing regions of Australia. These heat stress events usually coincide with pyrethrum flowering period. Pyrethrum is a perennial herbaceous plant which is commercially grown for extraction of pyrethrins which accumulate in the achenes of the flowers and are used as a natural insecticide. This experiment was conducted to understand the effects of timing of short periods of heat stress on flower development and pyrethrum yield. Plants were subjected to short periods of high temperature treatments (12 hr at 35–40°C) for three consecutive days at three flower maturity stages (early, mid, late). Control plants were grown at ambient temperature (10–25°C) throughout the flowering period. Exposure of pyrethrum plants to short periods of high temperature during the flowering period caused a significant reduction in the flower and pyrethrin yield. This was associated with the reduction in flower size and accelerated flower senescence. Exposure of pyrethrum plants to heat stress significantly increased the rate of flower development resulting in a shorter flowering period. Overall, plants grown under control treatment showed slower rate of flower development and longer duration flowering period. This resulted in longer duration of pyrethrin accumulation and higher yield of pyrethrins per flower. Timing and duration of heat stress significantly influenced pyrethrin yield per flower. Heat stress caused more severe yield reductions at early flowering than later in the flowering period. Research focusing on agronomic strategies, phenology and breeding for tolerance to heat stress is therefore important to cope with future climate changes and to obtain maximum pyrethrin yield.

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“…The impact of climate change has had many dramatic and multifaceted ecological consequences on natural and human-managed systems, apart from the prevalent threat of phytopathogens and nutrient deficiency on monocultured crops. Plants are affected by increasing temperatures, salination, drought and solar radiation, and with these direct biological effects come rapidly evolving pathogens with shifting host and geographic distribution, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality [1][2][3]. The most effective targets for improved sustainability are those with tolerance traits for abiotic and biotic stresses that match with the associated microbiome, the so-called second plant genome [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catch the Best: Novel Screening Strategy to Select Stress Protecting Agents for Crop Plants

et al. 2013

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Climate change increases stress levels for crops and affects the economic and environmental aspects of agricultural management systems. The application of stress tolerance-mediating microorganisms is an auspicious strategy for improving crop protection, and as such, we developed a direct selection strategy to obtain cultivable microorganisms from promising bioresources using the bait plants, maize, oilseed rape, sorghum and sugar beet. Alpine mosses, lichens and primrose were selected as bioresources, as each is adapted to adverse environmental conditions. A 10% crop-specific selection was found for bait plant rhizosphere communities using cultivation-independent fingerprints, and their potential role as stress protecting agents (SPA) was evaluated following the cultivation of captured bacteria. In addition to assays identifying phytopathogen antagonism and plant growth promotion capacities, our evaluation included those that test the ability to allocate nutrients. Moreover, we developed new assays to measure tolerance in diverse stress conditions. A score scheme was applied to select SPAs with desired properties, and three Pseudomonas species with pronounced antagonistic activity that showed elevated tolerance to desiccation and an improved seed germination rate were subsequently chosen. Screening for environmentally-conditioned and host-adapted microorganisms provides a novel tool for target-oriented exploitation of microbial bioresources for the management of ecofriendly crops facing biotic and abiotic stresses

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Overview of Plant Stresses: Mechanisms, Adaptations and Research Pursuit

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanisms of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants

Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanisms of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants

Exposure to heat stress during flowering period reduces flower yield and pyrethrins in Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium)

Catch the Best: Novel Screening Strategy to Select Stress Protecting Agents for Crop Plants

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