Overview of PM2.5 and health outcomes: Focusing on components, sources, and pollutant mixture co-exposure

Nan, Nan; Yan, Zhipeng; Zhang, Yaru; Chen, Rui; Qin, Guohua; Sang, Nan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138181

Cited by 37 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This suggests the possibility that air pollutants work together to worsen bronchiectasis. It has been reported that PM 2.5 exhibits a synergistic effect when combined with other pollutants; for example, simultaneous exposure to PM 2.5 and O 3 aggravated bronchial asthma in the animal study ( 24 ). Nevertheless, there has been no established comprehensive integrated air pollution index, and most countries only provide individual air pollutant levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of air pollution on healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis

Lee,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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IntroductionAir pollutants are increasingly recognized to affect long-term outcomes in patients with bronchiectasis. We aimed to figure out the association between air pollutants and the risk of healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis.MethodsData for 1,029 subjects with bronchiectasis in Seoul were extracted. The air pollutants included particulate matter of 10 μm or less in diameter (PM10), particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The outcome was all-cause healthcare uses, defined as outpatient visit, emergency department visit, or hospitalization. The concentration–response curves between each air pollutant and relative risks for healthcare utilization were obtained.ResultsThere were significant correlations between air pollutant concentrations and the risk of healthcare utilization, particularly for PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO. This risk was observed even at concentrations below the recommended safe thresholds for the general population. The slopes for the association between PM10 and NO2 and the risk of healthcare use showed a logarithmic growth pattern, with the steepest increase up to 30 μg/m3 and 0.030 parts per million (ppm), respectively. The curves for SO2 and CO showed an inverted U-shaped pattern, with a peak at 0.0045 ppm and a slow upward curve, respectively. No specific trends were observed for PM2.5 and O3 and the risk of healthcare use.DiscussionIncreased concentrations of PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO were associated with increased healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis. For patients with bronchiectasis, there were no safety thresholds for those air pollutants, and even low levels of air pollutant exposure can negatively impact bronchiectasis outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of air pollution on healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis

Lee,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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“…In recent times there are evidence showing the contribution of PM2.5 air pollution to the spread of antibiotic-resistance. PM2.5 air pollution harbour numerous antibioticresistant genes [5], which when transferred between environment or inhaled cause chronic and recurrent respiratory diseases, abnormal hematological indices and other infections traceable to PM2.5 inhalations [6,7] which could bring about hospitalization. S. aureus is unique in its capacity to thrive as a commensal organism while still maintaining its pathogenic potential and it's responsible for various forms of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Patients Living and Admitted in a Hospital Located in a Gas Flaring Community

Egbule,

Ito,

Oyubu

et al. 2024

Int. J. Trop. Dis. Health.

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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a colonizer of the nasal cavities of humans and can cause various infections under favourable conditions. A causal relationship between ambient air pollution and antibiotic resistance is beginning to unfold. Aim: The present study aimed to provide information on the prevalence and resistance pattern of S. aureus obtained from hospitalized patients living in a gas flaring location. Methodology: Nasal swab samples were obtained from 40 patients hospitalised and living in a gas flaring environment. Microbiological isolation and identification methods were utilized to identify Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic sensitivity was assessed for each of the isolate to various commonly prescribed antibiotics s as recommended by CLSI using the disk-diffusion method. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was determined using cefoxitin disc and oxacillin containing agar. Results: A total of 40 (100%) Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from the nasal swabs of hospitalized patients. A 72.5 %, 67.5% and 47.5% resistance of the isolates to penicillin, amoxicillin and cloxacillin was found when the samples were tested against these antibiotics. The percentage prevalence of 67.5% of S. aureus isolate were methicillin resistant by the cefoxitin disc method. This method was found to be more authentic than oxacillin disc methods. Multidrug resistance was observed in 75.0% of isolates. Conclusion: This high prevalence observed may not only be associated with misuse of antibiotics but may have been influenced by gas flaring activities, as the link between pollution and increased resistance has been provided in some earlier studies. We therefore join the call to end gas flaring.

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“…In China, specifically, PM 2.5 was responsible for 1.4 million premature deaths in 2019, resulting in 100 deaths per 100,000 people . Both long-term and acute exposure to PM 2.5 have been linked to higher mortality rates and the development of various diseases. − The WHO uses the same PM mass criteria, e.g., 5 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 , to evaluate the air quality for all cities in general. However, there are regional disparities in the health effects of PM pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled VOC Biomarkers from Rats Injected with PMs from Thirty-One Major Cities in China

Xing,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Overview of PM2.5 and health outcomes: Focusing on components, sources, and pollutant mixture co-exposure

Cited by 37 publications

References 273 publications

Impact of air pollution on healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis

Impact of air pollution on healthcare utilization in patients with bronchiectasis

Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Patients Living and Admitted in a Hospital Located in a Gas Flaring Community

Exhaled VOC Biomarkers from Rats Injected with PMs from Thirty-One Major Cities in China

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