Overview of serum and tissue markers in colorectal cancer: a primer for radiologists

Bonde, Apurva; Smith, Daniel A.; Kikano, Elias; Yoest, Jennifer M.; Tirumani, Sree Harsha; Ramaiya, Nikhil H.

doi:10.1007/s00261-021-03243-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Tissue biopsy is one of the most widely used diagnostic methods for determining the molecular phenotypes of tumors. However, invasive surgical intervention might result in trauma, metastatic risk, and high financial and time cost (3,4). Liquid biopsy, defined as the capture of tumor-related biomarkers in a liquid sample, has been extensively explored because of its minimal intrusion, low consumption, and convenience of application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Endothelial Cells in Predicting Bladder Cancer Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Chemosensitivity

Xiao

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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PurposeTo investigate the role of circulating rare cells (CRCs), namely, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs), in aiding early intervention, treatment decision, and prognostication in bladder cancer.MethodsA total of 196 patients with pathologically confirmed bladder cancer, namely, 141 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 55 muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. There were 32 patients who received cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC). Subtraction enrichment combined with immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) strategy was used for CTC/CEC detection. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Receiver operator characteristic analysis was used to discriminate NAC sensitivity.ResultsCTCs and CECs were related to clinicopathological characteristics. Triploid CTCs, tetraploid CTCs, and total CECs were found to be higher in incipient patients than in relapse patients (P = 0.036, P = 0.019, and P = 0.025, respectively). The number of total CECs and large cell CECs was also associated with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.028 and P = 0.033) and grade (P = 0.028 and P = 0.041). Remarkably, tumor-biomarker-positive CTCs were associated with worse OS and RFS (P = 0.026 and P = 0.038) in NMIBC patients underwent TURBT. CECs cluster was an independent predictor of recurrence in non-high-risk NMIBC patients underwent TURBT (HR = 9.21, P = 0.040). For NAC analysis, pre-NAC tetraploid CTCs and small cell CTCs demonstrated the capability in discriminating NAC-sensitive from insensitive patients. Additionally, tetraploid CTCs and single CTCs elevated post-NAC would indicate chemoresistance.ConclusionCTCs and CECs may putatively guide in diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and therapeutic decision-making for bladder cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Endothelial Cells in Predicting Bladder Cancer Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Chemosensitivity

Xiao

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Besides histopathological analysis, studies have shown that circulatory mucins can be used as biomarkers for CRC risk evaluation. For example, CA125 (MUC16), along with other serological markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), tissue-polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS), and tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72), have been used clinically as serum-based biomarkers for CRC patients [ 119 , 209 , 213 ]. Similarly, MUC16, in combination with other glycoproteins, such as CEA, CA19.9, CYFRA21-1, and CA72-4, has been studied as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment guidance of CRC patients [ 119 ].…”

Section: Colorectal Cancer Screening and Mucin Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucins as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer

Gautam

Κhan

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Early detection significantly correlates with improved survival in cancer patients. So far, a limited number of biomarkers have been validated to diagnose cancers at an early stage. Considering the leading cancer types that contribute to more than 50% of deaths in the USA, we discuss the ongoing endeavors toward early detection of lung, breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, liver, and pancreatic cancers to highlight the significance of mucin glycoproteins in cancer diagnosis. As mucin deregulation is one of the earliest events in most epithelial malignancies following oncogenic transformation, these high-molecular-weight glycoproteins are considered potential candidates for biomarker development. The diagnostic potential of mucins is mainly attributed to their deregulated expression, altered glycosylation, splicing, and ability to induce autoantibodies. Secretory and shed mucins are commonly detected in patients’ sera, body fluids, and tumor biopsies. For instance, CA125, also called MUC16, is one of the biomarkers implemented for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and is currently being investigated for other malignancies. Similarly, MUC5AC, a secretory mucin, is a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Moreover, anti-mucin autoantibodies and mucin-packaged exosomes have opened new avenues of biomarker development for early cancer diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the diagnostic potential of mucins in epithelial cancers and provide evidence and a rationale for developing a mucin-based biomarker panel for early cancer detection.

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Circulating MiR-126 as a potential biomarker in Egyptian colorectal cancer patients: A case-control study

Ghorab,

Fouad,

Sherief

et al. 2024

Innate Immun

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Background Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent malignant tumors. It is characterized by unlimited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) has been shown in many studies to play a significant role in CRC, but data regarding its role in CRC Egyptian patients are limited. Objectives This case-control study aimed to investigate the miR-126 as a potential marker in CRC Egyptian patients and to correlate its expression levels with CRC tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage, distant metastasis, and tumor size. Methods The study included 50 adult Egyptian participants (30 patients with CRC, 10 patients with colorectal adenoma as a pathological control, and 10 healthy controls). MiR-126 expression levels were detected using Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qPCR) along with the endogenous reference gene hsa-miR-103a in all participants. Results MiR-126 expression was significantly decreased in CRC patients than both control groups. It was associated with advanced TNM stage ( p = 0.001) and distant metastasis ( p = 0.002). However, it was not correlated with tumor size ( p = 0.980), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ( p = 0.397), and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) ( p = 0.236). The best cut-off point of miR-126 to discriminate CRC from both controls was 0.7 and to discriminate metastatic CRC from non-metastatic CRC was 0.3. Conclusions Our results suggest that miR-126 could be used as an early marker for CRC detection among Egyptian patients and a good prognostic indicator associated with metastasis.

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Overview of serum and tissue markers in colorectal cancer: a primer for radiologists

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Endothelial Cells in Predicting Bladder Cancer Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Chemosensitivity

Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Endothelial Cells in Predicting Bladder Cancer Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Chemosensitivity

Mucins as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer

Circulating MiR-126 as a potential biomarker in Egyptian colorectal cancer patients: A case-control study

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