Overview of the Computer Programming Learning Environments for primary education

Programming environments for the development of CT in preschool education: A systematic literature review

“…The data that emerged from the systematic literature review were classified based on the categorization proposed by Fessakis et al (2019). A programming environment should be based on pedagogical and didactic criteria in preschool and primary education.…”

“…Therefore, a programming environment should be developmentally appropriate, support the solution of a problem creatively and offer opportunities for digital expression. In addition, a good selection of a programming environment depends on how well its programming model facilitates learning, designing learning activities and making the problem area accessible (Fessakis et al, 2019). Given the preceding, the classification proposed by the researchers was based on five axes: the axis related to the abstraction levels of the computational system, the axis of age suitability, the axis of the supported programming model, the axis of the abstract approach to the programming process and the axis of the supported methods used in programming languages.…”

“…Children were first introduced to programming using the Logo programming language, which involved a turtle that a child could move around the screen with just a few commands. Notably, they continue to exist and inspire the construction of new systems, as listed below in subcategories (Fessakis et al, 2019).…”

“…Visual programming environments are software that allows a user to create programs by connecting appropriate blocks of code (Cheng, 2019). Programming environments in this category use digital optical tiles to represent the building blocks used by programming languages that enable the creation of complex structures to create programs (Fessakis et al, 2019). Users with the drag-and-drop function can select suitable blocks, and each block has a command (Cheng, 2019).…”

“…This category includes programming environments that do not present any innovative characteristics, their access to the learning process is not on equal terms and are commercial products (Fessakis et al,2019) Kodable is a digital application for children aged 4 to 10 that aims to teach programming. The user interacts with the application's environment using directional arrows for commands in a drag-and-drop interface.…”