Overview of the Current Condition, in Production Consumption and the Research Potential of the Rice Crop in the Republic of Macedonia

Andreevska, Danica; Menkovska, Mirjana; Andov, Dobre

doi:10.54865/mjas1332219a

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…caucasica Bat., respectively. It should be noted that plants similar Several factors attribute to the spread of this dangerous weed in Macedonian rice fields, such as the traditional monoculture farming and direct seeding (Andreevska et al 2013), the use of modern machinery and abandonment of hand weeding. The hand weeding is nowadays replaced with the usage of herbicides to suppress the other weed species (Ilieva 2015).…”

Section: Weedy Types Identification Based On the Panicle And Grain Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and grain characterısatıon of Macedonian weedy rice (Oryza satıva L.)

Dimitrovski

Andreevska

Andov

2018

MJEE

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Rice fields in the main rice producing region of the Republic of Macedonia sown with San Andrea and Onice cultivars were investigated with the aim to evaluate some morphological and grain characteristics of the present weedy rice types. Six morphotypes (two fully awned, three partly awned and one awnless) with pigmented pericarp were identified on the basis of the panicle morphology and grain characteristics. The plant height, panicle length, number of tillers and panicles per plant were examined on 30 plant samples of each type and compared to the cultivar. The grain and caryopsis dimensions were examined on 30 grains of each type. The weedy morphotypes isolated from Onice showed significantly higher plant height (from 102.47 cm to 113.47 cm) and panicle length (from 19.90 cm to 23.07 cm) in the field conditions compared to the cultivar (plant height: 79.50 cm; panicle length: 12.13 cm). In the San Andrea field, the weedy morphotypes had a significantly lower plant height values (from 106.17 cm to 108.63 cm) and non-significant to significantly longer panicle (18.10 cm to 20.50 cm) compared to the cultivar (plant height: 114.07 cm; panicle length: 17.24 cm). Significantly higher number of tillers and panicles per plant was determined in weedy rice compared to the rice cultivars. The weedy rice grain dimensions (length, width and thickness) were ranged from 8.30 to 8.85 mm, from 3.29 to 3.61 mm and from 2.03 to 2.22 mm, respectively, while the caryopsis dimensions varied from 6.15 to 6.62 mm, from 2.74 to 3.02 mm and from 1.82 to 2.04, respectively. The weedy rice morphotypes had significantly lower values for the three grain dimensions compared to San Andrea cultivar. Regarding the caryopsis, weedy rice had significantly lower values for two to three dimensions compared to San Andrea, depending on the morphotype. The differences in grain dimension between WR1323232 and Onice cultivar were non-significant. The rest of the weedy morphotypes exhibited significantly lower values for one to three grain dimensions in comparison to Onice. Depending on the weedy morphotype, significantly lower values for one to two caryopsis dimensions were found in comparison to Onice.Weedy rice had significantly lower 100 grains weight (from 2.84 to 3.28 g) compared to San Andrea (4.07 g) and Onice (3.56 g). Significant differences in the studied characteristics were also evident between the weedy accessions.On the basis of the results obtained in the current study can be concluded that different weedy rice morphotypes occur in the rice producing region of the Republic of Macedonia. The descriptive

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Section: Weedy Types Identification Based On the Panicle And Grain Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and grain characterısatıon of Macedonian weedy rice (Oryza satıva L.)

Dimitrovski

Andreevska

Andov

2018

MJEE

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“…(Ilieva 2015). The rice is direct seeded in wet conditions-sowing is done manually by broadcasting seed material in flooded paddy fields (Andreevska et al 2013). This conditions are beneficial for the widespread of weedy rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination behaviour of Macedonian weedy rice

Dimitrovski

Andreevska

Andov

2018

MJEE

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The main aim of this study was to evaluate the germination behaviour of weedy rice, a problematic and persistent weed in Macedonian rice production. Seeds from six morphotypes and the cultivars San Andrea and Onice from which weedy rice was isolated were collected and stored in typical conditions (room temperature). The germination energy, total germination and germination speed were examined at 2 weeks, as well at 4, 8, 12 and 16 months of storage. The seedling vigor index I, seedling length (root, shoot and total length) and vigor index II were examined after the release from dormancy in weedy rice. Weedy rice exhibited varied degree of dormancy at the beginning of the study (total germination from 4% to 63%), while cultivated rice showed no dormancy. Weedy rice had a significantly higher vigor index I (from 2092.78 to 2366.77 across morphotypes), seedling length (21.46 cm to 24.96 cm) and root length (11.61 cm to 13.69 cm) compared to cultivated rice (seedling length: 19.64 cm in San Andrea and 20.18 cm in Onice; root length: 9.02 cm in San Andrea and 10.42 cm in Onice). Weedy rice exhibited significantly lower to non-significant vigor index II (from 1939.19 to 2110.04) compared to cultivated rice (2788.03 in San Andrea and 2112.26 in Onice). The vigor index II and dry seedling weight were in significant positive correlation with the 100 grains weight of paddy.The germination energy, total germination and germination speed in weedy rice had increased values at 8 months of storage, that is the period when paddy fields are prepared for new sawing in the next vegetative season. This information is useful for the application of good agricultural practices for the control of weedy rice.

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Frequencies of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities and of leucocytes in the fish Barbus peloponnesius correlate with a pollution gradient in the River Bregalnica (Macedonia)

Rebok

Jordanova

Slavevska-Stamenković

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Integrated chemical and biomarker approaches were performed to estimate if there is ongoing toxicity in the River Bregalnica, namely connected with the presence of metals. The study was performed in water, sediment, and barbel (Barbus peloponnesius), collected in two seasons, from two suspected polluted and one reference zones. The water analyses revealed higher mean values in polluted sites for most of the examined physicochemical parameters. Metal concentrations (Zn, Cu, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Fe) in water were more or less constant, whereas in sediment, they were higher at the two polluted locations. Condition factor (CF), as a general health indicator, revealed better overall condition in barbel from the reference site. In general, blood parameters revealed higher values in the polluted localities. Irrespective of sex and/or season, the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and vacuolated nuclei (VN) were with higher rates in polluted sites. Similarly, the frequencies of the leucocytes (Le), binuclei (BN), and irregularly shaped nuclei (ISN) were also significantly increased in the polluted localities, but they seemed prone to be influenced by sex and/or season. However, strong positive correlations between blood biomarkers and most water physicochemical parameters and metal in sediment were estimated. Our data support that the River Bregalnica's lower course receives significant genotoxic pollution, likely via metal industry effluents, agricultural runoff, and domestic sewage, and reinforced the utility of MN and other nuclear abnormalities as sensitive and suitable biomarkers for genotoxicity when used in monitoring studies.

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Overview of the Current Condition, in Production Consumption and the Research Potential of the Rice Crop in the Republic of Macedonia

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Morphological and grain characterısatıon of Macedonian weedy rice (Oryza satıva L.)

Morphological and grain characterısatıon of Macedonian weedy rice (Oryza satıva L.)

Germination behaviour of Macedonian weedy rice

Frequencies of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities and of leucocytes in the fish Barbus peloponnesius correlate with a pollution gradient in the River Bregalnica (Macedonia)

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