Overview of the FLUKA code

Battistoni, G.; Boehlen, T.T.; Cerutti, F.; Chin, M.; Esposito, L. S.; Fassó, A.; Ferrari, A.; Lechner, Anton; Empl, A.; Mairani, A.; Mereghetti, Alessio; Ortega, Pablo G.; Ranft, J.; Roesler, S.; Sala, P.; Vlachoudis, V.; Smirnov, G.I.

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007

Cited by 762 publications

(371 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

362

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The radiation levels in the LHC are simulated using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code [16], [17]. This requires a highly detailed description of the complex accelerator geometry as well as the associated beam optics.…”

Section: Radiation Level Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

Alía

Brügger

Cerutti

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) is a novel machine configuration which will rely on a number of key innovative technologies to enhance the performance of the present LHC machine as of 2025. The upgrade will also involve increased radiation levels which need to be predicted by combining scaled measurements and calculations in order to define the qualification requirements for electronic systems. In this work we describe such levels first of all by introducing the monitoring and calculation approaches used for the present LHC machine, and secondly by applying scaling factors and dedicated simulations for the future HL-LHC accelerators. We present the levels according to the different areas relevant for the operation of electronics-based equipment, and discuss the associated Radiation Hardness Assurance implications.

show abstract

Section: Radiation Level Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

Alía

Brügger

Cerutti

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To this aim, we performed a full simulation, including all interactions of particles with matter, using the FLUKA (21,22) Monte Carlo software. In this simulation, the background was represented by an extended region with a specific activity m The FLUKA software, fully simulating nuclear decay and the interactions between radiation and tissues, was used to estimate energy deposited inside the active volume of the probe by the emitted radiation.…”

Section: Expected Performance Of Rgs With β − Decaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Radioguided Surgery with β⁻ Decays: Uptake of a Somatostatin Analogue, DOTATOC, in Meningioma and High-Grade Glioma

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel radioguided surgery (RGS) technique for cerebral tumors using β − radiation is being developed. Checking for a radiotracer that can deliver a β − emitter to the tumor is a fundamental step in the deployment of such a technique. This paper reports a study of the uptake of 90 Y-DOTATOC in meningiomas and high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and a feasibility study of the RGS technique in these types of tumor. Estimates were performed assuming the use of a β − probe under development with a sensitive area 2.55 mm in radius to detect 0.1-mL residuals. Methods: Uptake and background from healthy tissues were estimated on 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET scans of 11 meningioma patients and 12 HGG patients. A dedicated statistical analysis of the DICOM images was developed and validated. The feasibility study was performed using full simulation of emission and detection of the radiation, accounting for the measured uptake and background rate. Results: All meningioma patients but one with an atypical extracranial tumor showed high uptake of DOTATOC. In terms of feasibility of the RGS technique, we estimated that by administering a 3 MBq/kg activity of radiotracer, the time needed to detect a 0.1-mL remnant with 5% false-negative and 1% falsepositive rates is less than 1 s. Actually, to achieve a detection time of 1 s the required activities to administer were as low as 0.2-0.5 MBq/kg in many patients. In HGGs, the uptake was lower than in meningiomas, but the tumor-to-nontumor ratio was higher than 4, which implies that the tracer can still be effective for RGS. It was estimated that by administering 3 mBq/kg of radiotracer, the time needed to detect a 0.1-mL remnant is less than 6 s, with the exception of the only oligodendroma in the sample. Conclusion: Uptake of 90 Y-DOTATOC in meningiomas was high in all studied patients. Uptake in HGGs was significantly worse than in meningiomas but was still acceptable for RGS, particularly if further research and development are done to improve the performance of the β − probe. Radi oguided surgery (RGS) helps the surgeon evaluate the completeness of a tumor resection while minimizing the amount of healthy tissue removed (1). The surgeon is provided with vital and real-time information on the location and extent of the lesion and can assess the resection margins. The technique uses a radiolabeled tracer preferentially taken up by the tumor to discriminate cancerous tissue from healthy organs, as well as a probe (2) sensitive to the emission released by the tracer to identify in real time the targeted tumor focus. The radiopharmaceutical is administered to the patient before surgery.Current clinical applications of RGS are radioimmunoguided surgery for colon cancer (3,4), complete sentinel-node mapping for malignant melanoma (5) and breast cancer (6,7), and detection of parathyroid adenoma (8) and bone tumors (such as osteoid osteoma). There are also clinical studies on applications in neuroendocrine tumors (9,10).Established methods use a combination of a g-emitting tracer with a g-radiation-detec...

show abstract

“…3) and thermal neutron equivalent fluxes are directly available in the FLUKA Monte Carlo code [13][14][15] through the HEHAD-EQ and THNEU-EQ generalized particles.…”

Section: Ptb: Neutrons Between 5 and 15 Mevmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Event Effect cross section calibration and application to quasi-monoenergetic and spallation facilities

Alía

Bonaldo

Brügger

et al. 2018

EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We describe an approach to calibrate Single Event Effect (SEE)-based detectors in monoenergetic fields and apply the resulting semi-empiric responses to more general mixed-field cases in which a broad variety of particle species and energy spectra are present. The calibration of the response functions is based both on experimental proton (30-200 MeV) and neutron (5-300 MeV) data and considerations derived from Monte Carlo simulations using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The application environments include the quasimonoenergetic neutrons at RCNP, the atmospheric-like VESUVIO spallation spectrum and the CHARM high-energy accelerator test facility. The agreement between the mixed-field response and that predicted through the mono-energetic calibration is within ±30% for the broad variety of cases considered and thus regarded as highly successful for mixed-field monitoring applications.

show abstract

Overview of the FLUKA code

Cited by 762 publications

References 31 publications

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

Toward Radioguided Surgery with β⁻ Decays: Uptake of a Somatostatin Analogue, DOTATOC, in Meningioma and High-Grade Glioma

Single Event Effect cross section calibration and application to quasi-monoenergetic and spallation facilities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Overview of the FLUKA code

Cited by 762 publications

References 31 publications

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

LHC and HL-LHC: Present and Future Radiation Environment in the High-Luminosity Collision Points and RHA Implications

Toward Radioguided Surgery with β− Decays: Uptake of a Somatostatin Analogue, DOTATOC, in Meningioma and High-Grade Glioma

Single Event Effect cross section calibration and application to quasi-monoenergetic and spallation facilities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Toward Radioguided Surgery with β⁻ Decays: Uptake of a Somatostatin Analogue, DOTATOC, in Meningioma and High-Grade Glioma