Overview of the Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor, a Miniature Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer for Trace Contamination Monitoring on the ISS and CEV

Chutjian, A.; Darrach, M. R.; Bornstein, B.; Croonquist, A. P.; Edgu-Fry, E.; Fry, D.; Garkanian, V.; Girard, M. A.; Haemmerle, V.; Heinrichs, W. M.; Kidd, Richard; Lee, S.; MacAskill, J. A.; Madzunkov, S.; Mandrake, Lukas; Rust, Thomas; Schaefer, R. T.; Thomas, J. L.; Toomarian, N.; Walch, Marc; Christensen, Mogens; Dawson, A.; Demonbrun, D.; Vanholden, R.; Holland, Paul M.; Shortt, Brian

doi:10.4271/2007-01-3150

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…NASA's soon to be launched VCAM device represents the first fully autonomous miniaturized gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GCMS) system for flight application [4]. While the system will be tuned to a specific group of compounds of concern, the generic GCMS system implementation permits identification and concentration estimation to be made on future contamination within a concentration range of 0.01 to 100 parts per million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting AMDIS for autonomous spectral identification of hazardous compounds for ISS monitoring

Mandrake

Lee

Bornstein

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Aerospace Conference

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Abstract-The stand-alone Vehicle Cabin Atmospheric Monitor (VCAM) instrument was designed to provide an automated method of monitoring air quality within the International Space Station (ISS) via a miniaturized mass spectrometer and gas chromatograph system. 12 The output of the device, a series of mass spectra as a function of time, is then processed via our implementation of the Automated Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS) method from the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) to generate potential identification with reference to a known library of hazardous chemicals. In this paper we discuss the modifications required to the AMDIS method for autonomous in-flight operation as well as additions beyond the original method. In particular, the original AMDIS method contains numerous parameters that were intended to be adjusted by an operator during the analysis to reduce false positives and adjust sensitivity. We have instead implemented solution filtration based on elution time and discuss possible arbitration algorithms for close similar matches to provide the user with a more succinct, single-valued answer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting AMDIS for autonomous spectral identification of hazardous compounds for ISS monitoring

Mandrake

Lee

Bornstein

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Aerospace Conference

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“…The VCAM team has reported detection of major constituents or air as well as numerous vapors from the SMAC list 7 .…”

Section: 67mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Appendix A1] SMACs [spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations] [numerous possibilities [5][6][7] Particulate counting to sizes less than 0.1 µm Differentiate between lunar regolith [recommended 8 mean value for density of 3.1 g/cm 3 ] & fire-product smoke.…”

Section: References 61mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor systems for the Altair Lunar Lander:

Mariella¹

2009

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“…log 10 (concentration) = alog 10 (signal) + b (1) We obtain the optimal value for the slope a and the intercept b using a chi-square fitting for each chemical separately. Training data were weighted according to measurement errors and intrinsic measurement fluctuations.…”

Section: Constructing Concentration Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor (VCAM) is a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer instrument and is designed to autonomously identify trace organic species in the International Space Station (ISS) internal air and to quantify their concentration [1,2]. VCAM uses a gas chromatograph to separate chemicals in terms of time of arrival to the mass spectrometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of trace chemicals using Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor

Lee

Mandrake

Bornstein

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Aerospace Conference

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Abstract-A system to monitor the concentrations of trace chemicals in cabin atmosphere is one of the most critical components in long-duration human flight missions.12 The Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor (VCAM) is a miniature gas chromatograph mass spectrometer system to be used to detect and quantify trace chemicals in the International Space Station.We developed an autonomous computational process to quantify trace chemicals for use in VCAM. The process involves the design of a measured signal quantification scheme, the construction of concentration curves (i.e. the relationship between concentration and ion count measured by VCAM), the decision rule of applying high-or low-gain concentration curves, and the detection of saturation, low-signals, and outliers. When the developed quantification process is applied, the average errors of concentration for most of trace chemicals are found to be between 14% and 66%.

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Overview of the Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor, a Miniature Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer for Trace Contamination Monitoring on the ISS and CEV

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Adapting AMDIS for autonomous spectral identification of hazardous compounds for ISS monitoring

Adapting AMDIS for autonomous spectral identification of hazardous compounds for ISS monitoring

Sensor systems for the Altair Lunar Lander:

Quantification of trace chemicals using Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor

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