Overview of waste disposal and landfills/dumps in Asian countries

Abstract

Many cities in developing Asian countries face serious problems in managing solid wastes. The annual waste generation increases in proportion to the rises in population and urbanization. Asian countries with greater rural populations produce more organic waste, such as kitchen wastes, and fewer recyclable items, such as paper, metals, and plastics. Reliable data on solid waste compositions are difficult to obtain, and even if available, they are often not updated. We report the most recent waste composition data in some developing Asian countries. We suggest that a better classification system for landfills is needed to address inconsistencies in data for sanitary landfill sites versus waste dumps. We also discuss the information on waste disposal trends and problems associated with general solid waste management in developing Asian countries.

Energy Production through Co-fermentation of Organic Waste and Septage in Nashik City, India

“…The quantum of the Municipal Waste has also increased tremendously with improved life style and social status of the populations in urban centres (Sharholy et al, 2007). The annual waste generation has been observed to increase in proportion to the rise in population and urbanization and issues related to disposal have become challenging as more land is needed for the ultimate disposal of these solid wastes (Idris et al, 2004). Rapid urban population growth has resulted in a number of land-use and infrastructural challenges, including municipal solid-waste management.…”

Electricity Generation Potential of Municipal Solid Waste of Nepal and GHG Mitigations

“…Each type of technology handles the specific composition and quantity of solid waste [7]. It seems to be difficult to propose suitable waste management plans and technologies without determining the quantity and composition of generated waste [4].…”

Study of the zinc action on the 2-chloroethyl 2-bromo-2-perfluoroalkylethanoates

“…Such compounds are used as surfactants [17][18][19][20], agrochemicals [21,22], pharmaceutical [23][24][25][26][27], biological [28] and medical agents [29,30]. While they are detected in human bodies [31,32], municipal water and solid wastes in different industrial areas around the world [33][34][35] and considered as high polluter for environment and toxic compounds [36,37], perfluoroalkyl acids are interesting compounds used as tensioactifs [38][39][40], fire-fighting foam [41][42][43], fluoropolymers [44] and other important applications.…”