Overview on Mechanical Recycling by Chain Extension of POSTC-PET Bottles

Dimonie, Doina; Socoteanu, Radu; Pop, Sevinci; Fierăscu, Irina; Fierăscu, Radu Claudiu; Petrea, Celina; Zaharia, Cătălin; Petrache, M.

doi:10.5772/31841

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The thermal‐oxidative degradation (Figure ) leads to breaking of macromolecular chains and consequently the formation of volatile products (like acetaldehyde), linear and cyclic oligomers, and shorter macromolecules with acid carboxylic and vinyl ester end groups. The similar mechanism in hydrolytic degradation (Figure ) results in the formation of short chains with carboxylic acid and hydroxyl ester end groups …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The low melt strengths of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and postconsumer PET (POSTC‐PET) cause fundamental problems in processing this polymer, especially in processes in which a high value for melt strength is required (e.g., thermoforming, blow molding, film blowing, and extrusion foaming) . The main reasons for low melt strength of PET and POSTC‐PET are degradation reactions that take place mainly during the polycondensation stage of polymerization at 280–300 °C (leading to a low degree of polymerization), and in melt processing at 260–290 °C . Figures and show thermal‐oxidative degradation and hydrolysis of PET chains, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widely used functional groups are isocyanates, phosphites, anhydrides, and epoxides . Differences in nature, reactivity, and number of functional groups of the chain extender molecule lead to different linear or branched molecular structures, as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low melt strengths of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and postconsumer PET (POSTC-PET) cause fundamental problems in processing this polymer, especially in processes in which a high value for melt strength is required (e.g., thermoforming, blow molding, film blowing, and extrusion foaming). [1][2][3][4][5][6] The main reasons for low melt strength of PET and POSTC-PET are degradation reactions that take place mainly during the polycondensation stage of polymerization at 280-300 C (leading to a low degree of polymerization), 2 and in melt processing at 260-290 C. [1][2][3][4] Figures 1 and 2 show thermal-oxidative degradation and hydrolysis of PET chains, respectively. The thermaloxidative degradation (Figure 1) leads to breaking of macromolecular chains and consequently the formation of volatile products (like acetaldehyde), linear and cyclic oligomers, and shorter macromolecules with acid carboxylic and vinyl ester end groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride from rheological data

Khaledi

Ebrahimi

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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During some investigations on compatibilizing poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) blends by maleic anhydride–grafted polyolefins (PO‐g‐MA), the reaction between PET and PO‐g‐MA and the formation of PO‐g‐PET were proposed. However, the effect of PO‐g‐MA on the rheological properties of PET has not been the aim of any specific study. In our study, polypropylene (PP)‐g‐MA was melt reacted with PET, and the effects of its content and grafting degree on the intrinsic viscosity and linear viscoelastic properties of PET were investigated. The results reveal that the addition of PP‐g‐MA leads to increasing intrinsic viscosity, which confirms the reaction between PP‐g‐MA and PET. Rheological measurements suggest that the addition of PP‐g‐MA improves the elastic behavior and increases the complex viscosity of PET. No shear thinning behavior was observed for any samples, indicating that branching is not widespread. The increase in PP‐g‐MA content or grafting degree leads to increases in the intrinsic and complex viscosities and improves the elastic behavior. Furthermore, we reported the unusual observation of an increasing viscosity with frequency in modified sa"mples due to the transesterification phenomenon. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 46896.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Structural analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride from rheological data

Khaledi

Ebrahimi

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The model incorporates three dynamic processes, the first corresponds to PET production via hydrocarbons; the second, to the PET production via renewable resources, and the third, material recycling from PET waste deposition [16] [17].…”

Section: Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Dynamics Approach in LCA for PET-Renewable Raw Materials Impact

Jiménez¹,

Toledo

2015

AJOR

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It has been shown that system dynamics and life-cycle analysis together provide an analytical tool to study different impacts between variables in decision-making process. This paper presents an application of this approach toward to a plastic material of quotidian use, considering both, a production chain using renewable resources and petrochemical production of Polyethylene Terephthalate, used as a beverage bottle application, and showing its impacts to the system when production replacement of non-renewable resources is allowed. We have already studied the substitution between different materials: glass and aluminum.

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Evaluation of PET recyclability and characterization of modified reprocessed‐PET for industrial application

Kim,

Park,

Choo

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used in a variety of packaging applications, such as bottles, films, fibers, for its cost‐effective and excellent physical properties. However, the increase in plastic usage and packaging waste has become major global problems. Therefore, the importance of plastic recycling is being emphasized. In this study, the bottle‐grade PET was repeatedly melt processed up to three times to evaluate of PET recyclability. Intrinsic viscosity (IV) and mechanical properties have significantly decreased due to chain scission during the melt reprocessing. In particular, the IV of 3rP (reprocessing three times) decreased to 0.582 dL/g, and the mechanical properties decreased more than twice compared with 0rP. To enhance the physical properties of reprocessed PET (rP‐PET), it was modified using two chain extenders. The IV of the modified 3rP‐PET increased from 0.645 to 0.737 dL/g. And the tensile strength was improved up to approximately 93% of the 0rP properties, confirming the chain extension effect. Additionally, a biaxial orientation process was applied to confirm the feasibility of modified rP‐PET to various industrial packaging applications. Consequently, as the stretching ratio increased, the physical properties of modified rP‐PET improved, confirming the feasibility of rP‐PET in various packaging fields.

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Overview on Mechanical Recycling by Chain Extension of POSTC-PET Bottles

Cited by 19 publications

References 96 publications

Structural analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride from rheological data

Structural analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride from rheological data

System Dynamics Approach in LCA for PET-Renewable Raw Materials Impact

Evaluation of PET recyclability and characterization of modified reprocessed‐PET for industrial application

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