Overview on pharmacovigilance of nephrotoxic herbal medicines used worldwide

Abstract

Materials and methods Search strategyElectronic literature searches were conducted in Mai 2020 to identify case reports of nephrotoxicity associated with herbal medicines use in the last two decade. The scientific resources including PubMed, Scopus, and Science direct were searched using key words such as: 'case report', 'Renal side effect', 'adverse effects', 'Nephrotoxicity', 'Risk', 'Herbal Medicine', 'kidney disease'. The spectrum of herbal induced kidney injuries included kidney stones, nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, necrosis, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and death. English articles were the primary focus, but some reports in other languages were considered. Inclusion and exclusion criteriaEligible studies had to fulfil the following criteria: Included studies were case reports of nephrotoxicity associated to herbs use worldwide between 2000 and 2020.Exclusion criteria: Case reports were excluded if they involved mushrooms, poisonous plants, self-harm, excessive doses (except vitamins/minerals), drug-herbal interactions and commercial dietary supplement.

Evaluation Analysis of the Nephrotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Preparations with CONSORT Harms Statement Based on Deep Learning

“…The theoretical basis of the method is constructed as follows: the physicochemical properties of a certain ragwort can be derived by analogy from a similarly structured ragwort. Also, this method saves unnecessary testing time by avoiding the need to test a large number of similar ragworts [ 13 ].…”

“…The machine learning algorithm has certain advantages in dealing with problems such as large sample size and multi-dimension. Traditional machine learning algorithms include decision trees, random forests (RFs), support vector machines (SVMs), plain Bayesian, k-nearest neighbour methods, and so on [ 13 ].…”

Safety of prescribed herbal medicines for hepatic and renal function of polypharmacy patients with stroke: A single-center retrospective study

“…For instance, Suk et al suggested that DILI is a highly relevant health problem in Korea, and HMs are the most common cause of DILI. [10] Furthermore, Touiti et al reported that HMs presented an actual risk to the kidney, [11] and Yang et al reviewed several causes of kidney damage from HMs. [12] Generally, patients with stroke are older and take several CMs, increasing the possibility of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity from multidrug interactions when combined with long-term HM use; these events may lead to a poor prognosis.…”

“…For instance, Suk et al suggested that DILI is a highly relevant health problem in Korea, and HMs are the most common cause of DILI. [10] Furthermore, Touiti et al reported that HMs presented an actual risk to the kidney, [11] and Yang et al reviewed several causes of kidney damage from HMs. [12]…”

Explore Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reporting by clinical and community pharmacists in Duhok, Kurdistan region- Iraq: hampered and perspective

“…Pharmacovigilance about over-the-counter (OTC) medications that pharmacists dispense in pharmacies is crucial (Sinclair et al 1999;Layton et al 2002;Touiti et al 2021). Lower than 50% of pharmacists thought it was crucial to ADRs reporting brought on by over-the-counter medications.…”