Overview: Presynaptic Terminal Proteins Orchestrate Stepwise Synaptic Vesicle Phases

Mochida, Sumiko

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55166-9_1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 325 publications

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“…Although this divalent atom plays an important role to release and uptake neurotransmitters mediated by SNAREs (soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide) attachment protein receptor) and synaptotagmins, the orchestrated docking, zippering, triggering, fusion, recycling interneuron mechanism is not well understood. [12,13,14,19]. Similarly, although protons have been proposed as neurotransmitters [15], their levels and fluctuations at synapses give rise to electrostatic effects on the membrane no completely known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the synaptic process, calcium acts as a triggering agent: in exocytosis fusion and the subsequent NTs release; as a second messenger to start signalling cascades; or as a metabolite to be sensed by proteins [16,17,18,19]. Although this divalent atom plays an important role to release and uptake neurotransmitters mediated by SNAREs (soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide) attachment protein receptor) and synaptotagmins, the orchestrated docking, zippering, triggering, fusion, recycling interneuron mechanism is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium and protons affect the interaction of neurotransmitters and anesthetics with anionic lipid membranes

Pérez-Isidoro¹,

Ruiz‐Suárez²

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

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We study how zwitterionic and anionic biomembrane models interact with neurotransmitters (NTs) and anesthetics (ATs) in the presence of Ca(2+) and different pH conditions. As NTs we used acetylcholine (ACh), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and l-glutamic acid (LGlu). As ATs, tetracaine (TC), and pentobarbital (PB) were employed. By using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), we analyzed the changes such molecules produce in the thermal properties of the membranes. We found that calcium and pH play important roles in the interactions of NTs and ATs with the anionic lipid membranes. Changes in pH promote deprotonation of the phosphate groups in anionic phospholipids inducing electrostatic interactions between them and NTs; but if Ca(2+) ions are in the system, these act as bridges. Such interactions impact the physical properties of the membranes in a similar manner that anesthetics do. Beyond the usual biochemical approach, we claim that these effects should be taken into account to understand the excitatory-inhibitory orchestrated balance in the nervous system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium and protons affect the interaction of neurotransmitters and anesthetics with anionic lipid membranes

Pérez-Isidoro¹,

Ruiz‐Suárez²

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

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Millisecond Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics activate multiple protein cascades for synaptic vesicle control

Mochida

2017

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

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For reliable transmission at chemical synapses, neurotransmitters must be released dynamically in response to neuronal activity in the form of action potentials. Stable synaptic transmission is dependent on the efficacy of transmitter release and the rate of resupplying synaptic vesicles to their release sites. Accurate regulation is conferred by proteins sensing Ca2+ entering through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels opened by an action potential. Presynaptic Ca2+ concentration changes are dynamic functions in space and time, with wide fluctuations associated with different rates of neuronal activity. Thus, regulation of transmitter release includes reactions involving multiple Ca2+-dependent proteins, each operating over a specific time window. Classically, studies of presynaptic proteins function favored large invertebrate presynaptic terminals. I have established a useful mammalian synapse model based on sympathetic neurons in culture. This review summarizes the use of this model synapse to study the roles of presynaptic proteins in neuronal activity for the control of transmitter release efficacy and synaptic vesicle recycling.

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Overview: Presynaptic Terminal Proteins Orchestrate Stepwise Synaptic Vesicle Phases

Cited by 2 publications

References 325 publications

Calcium and protons affect the interaction of neurotransmitters and anesthetics with anionic lipid membranes

Calcium and protons affect the interaction of neurotransmitters and anesthetics with anionic lipid membranes

Millisecond Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics activate multiple protein cascades for synaptic vesicle control

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