Overweight and Obesity as Risk Factors for Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis during Long-Term Antiviral Prophylaxis

Hsu, Chiung-Ju; Hung, Jia‐Horung; Lin, I-Huang; Tseng, Sung-Huei; Lin, Sheng‐Hsiang; Huang, Yi

doi:10.3390/v14122812

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies have shown that obese and overweight individuals are more likely to develop recurrent simplex keratitis[ 158 ]. The use of corneal impression membranes led to higher detection of HSK compared to swab techniques[ 159 ].…”

Section: Diagnostic Approaches For Herpes Simplex Keratitis: Challeng...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes simplex keratitis: A brief clinical overview

Musa,

Enaholo,

Aluyi-Osa

et al. 2024

World J Virol

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The aim of our minireview is to provide a brief overview of the diagnosis, clinical aspects, treatment options, management, and current literature available regarding herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). This type of corneal viral infection is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which can affect several tissues, including the cornea. One significant aspect of HSK is its potential to cause recurrent episodes of inflammation and damage to the cornea. After the initial infection, the HSV can establish a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglion, a nerve cluster near the eye. The virus may remain dormant for extended periods. Periodic reactivation of the virus can occur, leading to recurrent episodes of HSK. Factors triggering reactivation include stress, illness, immunosuppression, or trauma. Recurrent episodes can manifest in different clinical patterns, ranging from mild epithelial involvement to more severe stromal or endothelial disease. The severity and frequency of recurrences vary among individuals. Severe cases of HSK, especially those involving the stroma and leading to scarring, can result in vision impairment or even blindness in extreme cases. The cornea's clarity is crucial for good vision, and scarring can compromise this, potentially leading to visual impairment. The management of HSK involves not only treating acute episodes but also implementing long-term strategies to prevent recurrences and attempt repairs of corneal nerve endings via neurotization. Antiviral medications, such as oral Acyclovir or topical Ganciclovir, may be prescribed for prophylaxis. The immune response to the virus can contribute to corneal damage. Inflammation, caused by the body's attempt to control the infection, may inadvertently harm the corneal tissues. Clinicians should be informed about triggers and advised on measures to minimize the risk of reactivation. In summary, the recurrent nature of HSK underscores the importance of both acute and long-term management strategies to preserve corneal health and maintain optimal visual function.

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Section: Diagnostic Approaches For Herpes Simplex Keratitis: Challeng...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes simplex keratitis: A brief clinical overview

Musa,

Enaholo,

Aluyi-Osa

et al. 2024

World J Virol

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Side effects following administration of the Gam-COVID-Vac in Montenegro

Dabanovic

2024

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Abstract Introduction: In Montenegro, vaccination against COVID infection began with the use of Gam-COVID-Vac, which was not approved for emergency use before the end of clinical trials, by the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the adverse effects. Methods: For the purpose of this study, we collected data from national adverse events reporting form for Gam-COVID Vac were obtained from the Health Institution Pharmacy of Montenegro - Montefarm, as the holder of permits for these vaccines. Results: For the period March 1, 2021 to February 13, 2022, after administration of 16,756 doses of vaccine Gam - COVID, a total of 220 case reports, or 716 adverse effects. The mean age of vaccinated individuals who reported adverse effects was 40.79 11.35. Totally 79,55% of females versus 20,45% of males reported side effects after vaccination. The most common adverse reaction was raised temperature [79.55%]. Other very common adverse effects were: injection site pain [38.18%], headache [33.18%], myalgia [32.27%], malaise [31.82%], fever [30.45%], arthralgia [22.73%] and swelling and redness at the site of application [15.91%]. Less common adverse effects were nausea, pain in extremity, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, sore throat and herpes simplex. Serious adverse effects were recorded in 8 cases including tinnitus, thrombophlebitis, hypotension, chest pain, palpitations and peripheral cyanosis. Conclusions: After the administration of Gam - Covid vaccine, the population in Montenegro experienced mild to moderate adverse effects, with rare serious adverse effects of a transient nature, as indicated by the statistic that there were no hospitalizations or deaths.

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Overweight and Obesity as Risk Factors for Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis during Long-Term Antiviral Prophylaxis

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Herpes simplex keratitis: A brief clinical overview

Herpes simplex keratitis: A brief clinical overview

Side effects following administration of the Gam-COVID-Vac in Montenegro

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