Overweight and obesity in six-year-old children in 4<sup>th</sup>and 5<sup>th</sup>quintile schools in Mangaung, South Africa

Berg, Louise van den; Meko, L.

doi:10.1080/16070658.2015.11734526

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The prevalence of excessive weight gain and obesity in South Africa is currently following the same trend as the rest of the world, although it remains slightly lower. Various researchers have reported the prevalence of excessive weight in boys ranging from 6.4%-15.6%, while the prevalence of obesity has ranged between 3.2% and 10.9% [16][17][18][19][20][21]. This is in agreement with worldwide studies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Coetzee

Plessis

Staden

2021

IJERPH

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Obesity affects millions of children worldwide and can often impact their academic performance. This longitudinal study, conducted over seven years, determines the effects of excessive weight and obesity on the academic performance of primary school boys, taking into account their socio-economic status (SES). The study forms part of a seven-year (2010–2016) longitudinal study, the North-West Child-Health-Integrated-Learning and Development (NW-CHILD) study, which includes a baseline measurement and two follow-up measurements of the 181 participants from varying areas in the North West Province. Two-way frequency tables, repeated measure ANOVA’s and Spearman rank order correlations were used to analyze the data. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants reported an increase from 2010–2016. Nearly all of the school subjects reported small to large correlations between BMI and academic performance (r ≥ 0.1 and r ≥ 0.3), except for Afrikaans in 2013 (r = −0.06). Only two subjects (English and Language as tested with the ANA test) reported medium effects (r ≥ 0.3), whereas the other subjects only reported small effects (r ≥ 0.1). No statistically significant relationships (p ≥ 0.05) were observed between the BMI values and academic subjects, however SES and school subject scores reported several statistically significant relationships, especially regarding Language (English and First Additional Language) and Mathematics (p = 0.02). Overweight and obese primary school boys in the North West Province of South Africa reported a higher academic performance in comparison to boys of a normal weight, even when SES was taken into consideration. Further studies are recommended to verify current findings regarding weight, obesity and academic performance.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Coetzee

Plessis

Staden

2021

IJERPH

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“…9,47 Since the 2014 Report Card, in the absence of national data, regional studies corroborate the growing public health challenge of childhood overweight and obesity, 14,15,[48][49][50][51][53][54][55][56] especially among the girls and in urban areas. 14,49,57,58 Moreover, in a 20-year prospective study, South African boys who were obese at 4 to 8 years old were 19.7% times more likely to be obese at age 16 to 18 years, and girls who were obese at 4 to 8 years old were a staggering 42.3 times more likely to be obese at 16 to 18 years compared with nonobese children. 49 Similar trends were evident in a 3-year follow-up study, among 6-to 9-year-old children, where the prevalence of obesity increased from 10.6% to 14.9% for boys and 14.7% to 18.5% for girls, respectively.…”

Section: Nutrition Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results From South Africa’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

Uys¹,

Bassett²,

Draper³

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background:We present results of the 2016 Healthy Active Kids South Africa (HAKSA) Report Card on the current status of physical activity (PA) and nutrition in South African youth. The context in which we interpret the findings is that participation in PA is a fundamental human right, along with the right to "attainment of the highest standard of health." Methods: The HAKSA 2016 Writing Group was comprised of 33 authorities in physical education, exercise science, nutrition, public health, and journalism. The search strategy was based on peer-reviewed manuscripts, dissertations, and 'gray' literature. The core PA indicators are Overall Physical Activity Level; Organized Sport Participation; Active and Outdoor Play; Active Transportation; Sedentary Behaviors; Family and Peer Influences; School; Community and the Built Environment; and National Government Policy, Strategies, and Investment. In addition, we reported on Physical Fitness and Motor Proficiency separately. We also reported on nutrition indicators including Overweight and Under-nutrition along with certain key behaviors such as Fruit and Vegetable Intake, and policies and programs including School Nutrition Programs and Tuck Shops. Data were extracted and grades assigned after consensus was reached. Grades were assigned to each indicator ranging from an A, succeeding with a large majority of children and youth (81% to 100%); B, succeeding with well over half of children and youth (61% to 80%); C, succeeding with about half of children and youth (41% to 60%); D, succeeding with less than half but some children and youth (21% to 40%); and F, succeeding with very few children and youth (0% to 20%); INC is inconclusive. Results: Overall PA levels received a C grade, as we are succeeding with more than 50% of children meeting recommendations. Organized Sports Participation also received a C, and Government Policies remain promising, receiving a B. Screen time and sedentary behavior were a major concern. Under-and over-weight were highlighted and, as overweight is on the rise, received a D grade. Conclusion:In particular, issues of food security, obesogenic environments, and access to activity-supportive environments should guide social mobilization downstream and policy upstream. There is an urgent need for practice-based evidence based on evaluation of existing, scaled up interventions.

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The school food environment: shaping the future health of the nation

Villiers

Faber

2015

South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Overweight and obesity in six-year-old children in 4^thand 5^thquintile schools in Mangaung, South Africa

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Results From South Africa’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

The school food environment: shaping the future health of the nation

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Overweight and obesity in six-year-old children in 4thand 5thquintile schools in Mangaung, South Africa

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Longitudinal Effects of Excessive Weight and Obesity on Academic Performance of Primary School Boys in Different Socio-Economic Statuses: The NW-CHILD Study

Results From South Africa’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

The school food environment: shaping the future health of the nation

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Product

Resources

About

Overweight and obesity in six-year-old children in 4^thand 5^thquintile schools in Mangaung, South Africa