Overweight and obesity in twenty‐year‐old Swedes in relation to birthweight and weight development during childhood

Fåhraeus, Christina; Wendt, Lill‐Kari; Nilsson, Mats; Isaksson, Helén; Alm, Anita; Andersson‐Gäre, Boel

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02623.x

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this population-based study using longitudinal data, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 11.5–13.7 % in childhood, and increased to 20.1 % in adolescence. These rates in childhood are comparable with rates reported in other studies from Norway and Nordic countries [ 6 , 12 , 22 , 35 ], but lower than rates from Norwegian children born after the year 2000 [ 4 , 23 ], rates reported from Southern European countries [ 2 ], and the United States [ 36 ]. For adolescents, the rates were almost twice as high as rates from Western-Norway [ 35 ], but approximately the same as those in Mid-Norway and other Nordic countries [ 12 , 22 , 37 ] and lower than rates from Southern European countries [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Therefore we consider the findings of moderate tracking coefficients from 2–4 and 5–7 years of age to adolescence to be consistent and important findings in our study. The same pattern has also been found in longitudinal studies from Sweden and Iceland [ 12 , 22 ]. Our results are similar to the results of the Swedish study, in which 60 % of children who were overweight or obese at 5.5 years, and 44 % of children who were overweight or obese at 2.5 years were also overweight or obese at 20 years of age [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Tracking of overweight and obesity from early childhood to adolescence in a population-based cohort – the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures

et al. 2016

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BackgroundObesity is a serious childhood health problem today. Studies have shown that overweight and obesity tend to be stable (track) from birth, through childhood and adolescence, to adulthood. However, existing studies are heterogeneous; there is still no consensus on the strength of the association between high birth weight or high body mass index (BMI) early in life and overweight and obesity later in life, nor on the appropriate age or target group for intervention and prevention efforts. This study aimed to determine the presence and degree of tracking of overweight and obesity and development in BMI and BMI standard deviation scores (SDS) from childhood to adolescence in the Fit Futures cohort from North Norway.MethodsUsing a retrospective cohort design, data on 532 adolescents from the Fit Futures cohort were supplemented with height and weight data from childhood health records, and BMI was calculated at 2–4, 5–7, and 15–17 years of age. Participants were categorized into weight classes by BMI according to the International Obesity Taskforce’s age- and sex-specific cut-off values for children 2–18 years of age (thinness: adult BMI <18.5 kg/m2, normal weight: adult BMI ≥18.5- < 25 kg/m2, overweight: adult BMI ≥25- < 30 kg/m2, obesity: adult BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Non-parametric tests, Cohen’s weighted Kappa statistic and logistic regression were used in the analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity combined, increased from 11.5 % at 2–4 years of age and 13.7 % at 5–7 years of age, to 20.1 % at 15–17 years of age. Children who were overweight/obese at 5–7 years of age had increased odds of being overweight/obese at 15–17 years of age, compared to thin/normal weight children (crude odds ratio: 11.1, 95 % confidence interval: 6.4–19.2). Six out of 10 children who were overweight/obese at 5–7 years of age were overweight/obese at 15–17 years of age.ConclusionsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age. We found a moderate indication of tracking of overweight/obesity from childhood to adolescence. Preventive and treatment initiatives among children at high risk of overweight and obesity should start before 5–7 years of age, but general preventive efforts targeting all children are most important.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-016-0599-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Tracking of overweight and obesity from early childhood to adolescence in a population-based cohort – the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures

et al. 2016

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“…For the boys 76% had overweight or were obese whereas for the girls this was only true for 56%. In a recent population-based study in Sweden it was found that 17% of boys and 18% of girls 15 years old had overweight or were obese [59]. The increase in incidence for SCFE has been proposed in Scotland to be linked to an increase in BMI among children [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a population-based study

Herngren

Stenmarker

Vavruch

et al. 2017

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundSlipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is the most common hip disorder in children 9–15 years old. This is a population-based study in Sweden presenting the epidemiology for SCFE.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study, we analysed pre- and postoperative radiographs, medical records for all children treated for SCFE in Sweden 2007–2013, demographic data, severity of slip and surgical procedures performed.ResultsWe identified 379 Swedish children with primary SCFE 2007–2013; 162 girls, median age 11.7 (7.2–15.4) years, and 217 boys, median age 13 (3.8–17.7) years. The average annual incidence was 4.4/10000 for girls and 5.7/10000 for boys 9–15 years old. Obesity or overweight was found in 56% of the girls and in 76% of the boys. As an initial symptom, 66% of the children had hip/groin pain and 12% knee pain. At first presentation, 7% of the children had bilateral SCFE. Prophylactic fixation was performed in 43%. Of the remaining children, 21% later developed a contralateral slip.Fixation with implants permitting further growth was used in >90% of the children. Femoral neck osteotomy was performed for 11 hips.ConclusionsThe annual average incidence 2007–2013 in Sweden showed a mild increase for girls. The male-to-female ratio was lower than previous regional data from Sweden. Overweight or obesity is one major characteristic for boys with SCFE but to a less extent for girls. Knee pain as initial symptom cause a delay in diagnosis. Most hospitals in Sweden treat <2 children annually.

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“…From the MUSP cohort, Mamun et al [ 33 ] reported a positive association between postnatal weight gain (1 g/day in the first six months of life) and overweight at 5 and 14 years of age. In a recent study, any significant association between weight gain during 0–1 years or 1–2.5 years and obesity in young adults was not found [ 14 ].. McCarthy et al [ 15 ] conducted detailed analyses from anthropometric measures at 14 time-points from birth to 5 years and then at 25 years of age, and found a positive association between infant growth and BMI at 25 years. However, weight gain between 21 months and 5 years (β = 0.99, P < 0.001) predicted a stronger association than between 0 and 5 months (β = 0.43, P = 0.02).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid growth in early childhood associated with young adult overweight and obesity – evidence from a community based cohort study

Sutharsan

O’Callaghan

Williams

et al. 2015

J Health Popul Nutr

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BackgroundRapid weight gain in early life may increase the risk of overweight and obesity in adulthood. We investigated the association between the rate of growth during early childhood and the development of overweight and obesity in young adults.MethodsWe used a prospective cohort study of 2077 young adults who were born between 1981 and 1984 in Brisbane, Australia and had anthropometry measurements available at birth, 6 months, 5 years, 14 years and 21 years of age. The associations of rate of early growth with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and their categories at 21 years were studied using multivariate analysis.ResultsWe found that rapid weight gain [> + 0.67 standard deviation score (SDS)] in the first 5 years of life was associated with young adults’ overweight status (BMI: adjusted OR = 2.35, 95 % CI, 1.82–3.03; WC: adjusted OR = 2.20, 95 % CI, 1.65–2.95). We also observed that slow weight gain in the first 5 years of age (< −0.67 SDS) was inversely associated with overweight (BMI: OR = 0.62, 95 % CI, 0.45–0.84). Such associations were not found with WHR. Rapid weight gain in the first 6 months of life increased the risk of overweight as defined by BMI (adjusted OR = 1.13, 95 % CI, 0.86–1.49) and WC (adjusted OR = 1.24, 95 % CI, 0.92–1.67), but these associations were not statistically significant.ConclusionRapid weight gain in the first 5 years of life in children increased their risk of a higher BMI and WC in young adulthood, in contrast slow weight gain was inversely associated with weight status at 21 years.

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Overweight and obesity in twenty‐year‐old Swedes in relation to birthweight and weight development during childhood

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Tracking of overweight and obesity from early childhood to adolescence in a population-based cohort – the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures

Tracking of overweight and obesity from early childhood to adolescence in a population-based cohort – the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a population-based study

Rapid growth in early childhood associated with young adult overweight and obesity – evidence from a community based cohort study

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