Overweight and Obesity in Young Adulthood and the Risk of Stroke: a Meta-analysis

Guo, Yan; Yue, Xuejing; Li, Hehua; Song, Zhixiu; Yan, Haiying; Ping, Zhang; Gui, Yongkun; Chang, Li; Li, Tong

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.018

Cited by 65 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There is enormous evidence indicating the contribution of a high body mass index (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ) to some non-communicable diseases including type 2 diabetes [6], asthma [7], hypertension [8], cardiovascular diseases [9], stroke [10] and certain cancers [11]. A WHO report of 2014 indicates that the noncommunicable diseases mentioned above accounted for approximately 31% of total deaths in Cameroon [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional analysis of eating habits and weight status of university students in urban Cameroon

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The changeover from high school to university is characterized by the inability to make informed food choices and unhealthy eating habits. This study sets out to determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity, examine variations in dietary habits and assess the relationships between some dietary factors and overweight/ obesity in university students. Methods: University students (N = 906, mean age 21.4 ± 2.1 years) that included 434 males and 472 females were recruited using a simple random sampling technique from six departments in two universities in a cross sectional study in the North West Region of Cameroon. Weight and height were measured and body mass index calculated. Eating habits and weekly consumption of selected food items were self-reported by the students using a pre-tested questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 24.6% and 2.2% respectively. A majority (60.7%) of the students had less than three meals a day. Also, 53.4% ate fried foods, 46.0% had sweets/chocolates and 39.5% had sugar sweetened beverages twice or more times in a week. Skipping/rarely having breakfast (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.9) and having snacks in-between meals three or more times a day (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4-5.5) were associated with overweight/obesity after controlling for confounding variables. In addition, skipping/rarely having breakfast (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.5) independently predicted overweight/obesity in a model that included confounding variables and selected dietary behaviors. Conclusion: The unhealthy eating habits exhibited by students in this study is worrying. Qualitative studies need to be carried out in the future to identify determinants (of Cameroon ethnicity) of poor eating habits in university students.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional analysis of eating habits and weight status of university students in urban Cameroon

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Novel therapeutic targets are needed, and their discovery could be propelled by clarification of causal pathways. Observational studies have shown that obese individuals experience roughly double the risk for stroke compared to those of normal weight . Whether this association is causal or a proxy for unmeasured lifestyle factors or covarying health exposures remains unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of normal weight. 2 Whether this association is causal or a proxy for unmeasured lifestyle factors or covarying health exposures remains unclear. For instance, prior studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) is not associated with stroke risk after adjusting for known vascular risk factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mendelian Randomization Study of Obesity and Cerebrovascular Disease

Marini

Merino

Montgomery

et al. 2020

Annals of Neurology

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To systematically investigate causal relationships between obesity and cerebrovascular disease and the extent to which hypertension and hyperglycemia mediate the effect of obesity on cerebrovascular disease. Methods We used summary statistics from genome‐wide association studies for body mass index (BMI), waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), and multiple cerebrovascular disease phenotypes. We explored causal associations with 2‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) accounting for genetic covariation between BMI and WHR, and we assessed what proportion of the association between obesity and cerebrovascular disease was mediated by systolic blood pressure (SBP) and blood glucose levels, respectively. Results Genetic predisposition to higher BMI did not increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease. In contrast, for each 10% increase in WHR there was a 75% increase (95% confidence interval [CI] = 44–113%) in risk for large artery ischemic stroke, a 57% (95% CI = 29–91%) increase in risk for small vessel ischemic stroke, a 197% increase (95% CI = 59–457%) in risk of intracerebral hemorrhage, and an increase in white matter hyperintensity volume (β = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.01–0.21). These WHR associations persisted after adjusting for genetic determinants of BMI. Approximately one‐tenth of the observed effect of WHR was mediated by SBP for ischemic stroke (proportion mediated: 12%, 95% CI = 4–20%), but no evidence of mediation was found for average blood glucose. Interpretation Abdominal adiposity may trigger causal pathological processes, partially independent from blood pressure and totally independent from glucose levels, that lead to cerebrovascular disease. Potential targets of these pathological processes could represent novel therapeutic opportunities for stroke. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:516–524

show abstract

“…These risk factors also exist in patients after spine and joint surgeries [13]. For patients after spine surgeries, hypertension and coagulopathy are considered as main risks of hemorrhagic stroke [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Hemorrhagic Stroke following Spine and Joint Surgeries

Yang

Zhao

2017

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hemorrhagic stroke can occur after spine and joint surgeries such as laminectomy, lumbar spinal fusion, tumor resection, and total joint arthroplasty. Although this kind of stroke rarely happens, it may cause severe consequences and high mortality rates. Typical clinical symptoms of hemorrhagic stroke after spine and joint surgeries include headache, vomiting, consciousness disturbance, and mental disorders. It can happen several hours after surgeries. Most bleeding sites are located in cerebellar hemisphere and temporal lobe. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage caused by surgeries may be the key to intracranial hemorrhages happening. Early diagnosis and treatments are very important for patients to prevent the further progression of intracranial hemorrhages. Several patients need a hematoma evacuation and their prognosis is not optimistic.

show abstract

Overweight and Obesity in Young Adulthood and the Risk of Stroke: a Meta-analysis

Cited by 65 publications

References 46 publications

A cross sectional analysis of eating habits and weight status of university students in urban Cameroon

A cross sectional analysis of eating habits and weight status of university students in urban Cameroon

Mendelian Randomization Study of Obesity and Cerebrovascular Disease

Characteristics of Hemorrhagic Stroke following Spine and Joint Surgeries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About