Overweight and Obesity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Minges, Karl E.; Whittemore, Robin; Grey, Margaret

doi:10.1891/0739-6686.31.47

Cited by 69 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Obesity is associated with several endocrine and metabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and DLP, and is considered an independent risk factor for increased mortality (5,22,24). In the present study, we found an association between overweight and DLP, however we found no correlation between BMI and poor GC or lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…The etiology of obesity is multifactorial, resulting from an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure associated with genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors, such as a sedentary lifestyle, imbalanced diets, and increased food intake. In addition, excessive weight gain has been observed in T1D patients undergoing intensive insulin therapy (5,19,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in lifestyle that contribute to overweight and obesity, including sedentarism and high carbohydrate and fat diets, may have contributed to this increased DLP prevalence (1,4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyslipidemia in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Homma

Endo

Saruhashi

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and dyslipidemia (DLP) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of dyslipidemia in young T1D patients. Materials and methods: The study design was cross-sectional and descriptive. We reviewed medical records of T1D patients followed at an endocrinology service, from 1998-2012. Data collected: gender, actual age and age at diagnosis, duration of T1D since diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), pubertal stage, glycemic control (GC) determined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG). To analyze lipid profile and metabolic control, we used the Brazilian Society of Diabetes Guidelines. Results: Were included 239 T1D patients, 136 (56.9%) females; mean ± SD: actual age 15.7 ± 5.0 years and at T1D diagnosis 7.3 ± 3.9; T1D duration 10.6 ± 6.4 years, 86.6% puberty, 15.1% overweight. The prevalence of DLP was 72.5%, 63.3% females, 86.6% puberty, mean ± SD: actual age 15.4 ± 4.8 years and at T1D diagnosis 7.2 ± 4.1 years, duration of T1D 10.7 ± 6.1 years. We found high-CT in 56.7%, low-HDL = 21.7%, high LDL = 44.0%, high-TG = 11.8%. Between females with DLP, 83.5% was in puberty. We find correlation between the presence of DLP, a poor GC and BMC. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of DLP in young patients with T1D, particularly in puberty females. Programs targeting the prevention of dyslipidemia should be adopted, especially for this group, in order to prevent/delay chronic complications and cardiovascular disease. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):215-9

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyslipidemia in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Homma

Endo

Saruhashi

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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“…It is now becoming more evident that T2D patients also present with inflammation, earlier disease onset, and islet autoimmunity 7–11. In contrast, increased childhood obesity is seen more often in T1D patients12 and was once called juvenile diabetes. Type 1 diabetes can be detected in adult patients as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ER stress and development of type 1 diabetes

Engin

2016

J Investig Med

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from an autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells. The incidence of T1D is on the rise globally around 3% to 5% per year and rapidly increasing incidence in younger children is of the greatest concern. currently, there is no way to cure or prevent T1D; hence, a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease is essential to the development of new effective therapies. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle with multiple functions that are essential for cellular homeostasis. Excessive demand on the ER, chronic inflammation, and environmental factors lead to ER stress and to re-establish cellular homeostasis, the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) is triggered. However, chronic ER stress leads to a switch from a prosurvival to a proapoptotic UPR, resulting in cell death. Accumulating data have implicated ER stress and defective UPR in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and ER stress has been implicated in β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. However, the role of ER stress and the UPR in β-cell pathophysiology and in the initiation and propagation of the autoimmune responses in T1D remains undefined. This review will highlight the current understanding and recent in vivo data on the role of ER stress and adaptive responses in T1D pathogenesis and the potential therapeutic aspect of enhancing β-cell ER function and restoring UPR defects as novel clinical strategies against this disease.

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“…The changing in life style, high carbohydrate and low exercise, was found to be the main reason of high DLP and lead to overweight and obesity [18]. Patient with T1D had high DLP level (72.5%) among young from high level of TC and LDL [12] [14] [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia in Kuwaiti Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Otaibi¹,

Abdul-Rasool²,

Yaiesh³

et al. 2017

JDM

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Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and dyslipidemia (DLP) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the progress and perspective of dyslipidemia in young T1D patients . Materials and Methods: The study was cross-sectional and descriptive design. Medical records of T1D patients were followed at an endocrinology service from 2008-2014. The collected data included gender, age, duration of T1D, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL and triglycerides (TG). Results: 126 T1D patients were recruited: 69 male (54.8%) and 57 female (45.2%) with a mean of age 16.4 (±0.18) and 16.5 (±0.18), respectively. Diabetes duration and baseline HbA1c were 14.82 (±2.11) and 8.68 (±1.21), respectively. The HbA1c (average range of HbA1c 6.5% to 10.7%) increased significantly while following five years by 2.9% (p < 0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obese teens was increasing from the 1st year to the following five years later. In contrast, the underweight and healthy subjects were decreasing for the same subsequent years. Means of HbA1c were significantly higher among overweight and obese categories throughout following years. All lipid profile revealed significant increase during five years follow-up study. The prevalence of risk TC/HDL ratio (< 4.1) gradually raised in the last year follow-up by 52.1% comparing to the baseline risk ratio (0.8%). The study of TC/HDL ratio with BMI categories revealed that average T1D patients had an ideal ratio (n = 97) in the 1st year measurement. After five years follow-up study, the frequency of ideal ratio declined among all categories in the same rate. Risk TC/HDL ratio in the last year of the study showed that average group had more risk ratio measurements (n = 47) in contrast to the 1st year measurement (n = 1). The significant positive correlations were reported between HbA1c and DLP as shown in figure (r2 = 0.85). HbA1c and BMI percentile analyses during long follow-up years were How to cite this paper: Al Otaibi, F., Abdul-Rasool, M., Yaiesh, R. and Al Otaibi, N. 97very highly significant differences (p < 0.0001) between the categories BMI in each year and from one year to another. Conclusion: Attention must be given to control DLP and other comorbidities among T1D adolescents to decrease diabetes macrovascular and microvascular complications.

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Overweight and Obesity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 69 publications

References 91 publications

Dyslipidemia in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Dyslipidemia in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

ER stress and development of type 1 diabetes

Dyslipidemia in Kuwaiti Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

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