Overwintering and Spore Release of<i>Cercospora zeae-maydis</i>in Corn Debris in North Carolina

Payne, Gary A.; Waldron, J. Keith

doi:10.1094/pd-67-87

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…GLS may be managed through tillage practices that completely bury infested maize debris. (Payne and Waldron, 1983;Huff, Ayres and Hill, 1988). However, in the United States the disease has recently been observed to move from reduced tillage situations to become a problem in fields where traditional conventional tillage practices are used (Perkins, Smith, Kinsey and Dowden, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide responses of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot

Ward

Hohls

Laing³

et al. 1996

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Grey leaf spot disease of maize (Cercospora zeae-maydis) has seriously decreased grain yields in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and has spread to infect maize in neighbouring provinces. No commercial hybrids, resistant to the disease have so far been identified, and fungicides have been shown to reduce disease severity. The response of sixty-four commercial hybrids to grey leaf spot under fungicide treatment were studied over two seasons. Overall, fungicides reduced disease severity and linear regression of gain in yield against disease severity enables the identification of hybrids with optimum responses to fungicides. Under low disease levels hybrids responded less to fungicides than under high disease levels. The most susceptible hybrids had the highest responses in control of leaf-blighting and gain in yield. Hybrids with lower-than-predicted leaf-blighting also had lower-than-predicted yield responses, indicating these to be less susceptible to grey leaf spot. These less susceptible hybrids are likely to require fewer fungicide treatments than more susceptible hybrids and are at lesser risk of serious yield losses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide responses of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot

Ward

Hohls

Laing³

et al. 1996

Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…This indicated the presence of incoming inoculum from sources other than the infested maize residue, probably due to long distance spread of the pathogen from neighbouring fields. Studies have confirmed the presence of the spores of C. zeae-maydis in air currents above no-till fields (Payne & Waldron, 1983), an indication that the pathogen is air-borne.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The disease is now considered the most important foliar disease of maize in Uganda and probably in the whole of sub-Saharan Africa (Bigirwa et al, 1999b). It is spread mainly through infested maize residue since C. zeae-maydis is capable of surviving for a long time on host debris (Payne & Waldron, 1983;de Nazereno et al, 1992). Indeed, considerable evidence from studies in temperate regions suggest that continuous maize cropping increases the incidence and severity of grey leaf spot (de Nazareno et al, 1993a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though some aspects of the epidemiology of grey leaf spot have been reported (Payne & Waldron, 1983;de Nazareno et al, 1993a,b), only limited information is available on epidemics of grey leaf spot under tropical conditions such as those prevailing in Uganda, and specifically for recently developed open-pollinated cultivars. Reliable disease progress and dissemination data, and estimation of their parameters using appropriate models, may indicate general principles of disease development over time and space and aid in the development of more effective disease management systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cercospora zeae‐maydis infested maize residue on progress and spread of grey leaf spot of maize in central Uganda

Asea

Bigirwa²,

Adipala

et al. 2002

Annals of Applied Biology

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The spread of grey leaf spot caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis from infested maize residue on the soil surface and progress over time were studied under tropical conditions at two locations in central Uganda, Kabanyolo and Namulonge, using a susceptible local cultivar, LP16. Infested maize residue collected the previous season was used as the inoculum source in varying amounts; 80% coverage, 40% coverage and 0% soil coverage were used to simulate no tillage, minimum tillage and maximum tillage with complete burial of residues. In all the seasons, disease spread was adequately described by a power law model, whereas disease progress over time was equally well represented by both Gompertz and logistic models. The time factor was highly significant (P < 0.05) for disease development, indicating both increases in disease intensity over time and change in gradients with time. The amount of infested residue on the soil surface in the maize planting was highly significant (P < 0.05) for slope (b) and intercept (a) of the linearised disease gradient. The gradient parameter (b) based on the average for the four directions from the residue source ranged from -0.96 to -0.08 in the second cropping season of 1999, from -2.16 to -0.01 and from -0.87 to -0.03 in the first and second seasons of 2000, respectively. The distance from the infested residue significantly affected foliar disease, but the direction from the residue inoculum source did not, nor was the distance by direction interaction significant. However, interactions between amount of residue and distance were significant. Percentage leaf area affected by grey leaf spot, the areas under disease progress curves and disease intercepts decreased with distance at both locations, but rate of disease increase (r) was generally constant with distance from residue source at Kabanyolo, but not at Namulonge. The relationship between disease severity and amount of residue cover appeared to be affected by the level of background inoculum. At Kabanyolo, where little background inoculum was present, differences were detected in disease severity parameters between the no-residue plots and residue plots, whereas at Namulonge, where high background levels existed, there was no effect of residue on disease.

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“…Gray leaf spot of maize caused by Cercospora zeae‐maydis Tehon & Daniels is a destructive disease in many maize‐growing ( Zea mays L.) regions of the world (Ward et al., 1999). The pathogen is mainly spread through infested maize residue as C. zeae‐maydis is capable of surviving for a long time on host debris on the soil surface (Payne and Waldron, 1983; de Nazareno et al., 1992). When environmental conditions are favourable, epidemics of gray leaf spot usually begin at plant silking or slightly earlier and yield losses in excess of 40% may result (Ward et al., 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Greenhouse Inoculation Procedures for Evaluation of Partial Resistance to Cercospora zeae‐maydis in Maize Inbreds

Asea¹,

Lipps²,

Pratt³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of inoculation methods on incubation period, lesion length, percentage leaf area affected and sporulation of Cercospora zeae-maydis on young maize (Zea mays L.) plants inoculated at V3 growth stage. Seedling plants were inoculated by four methods: (i) application of conidial suspension while puncturing the leaves within the whorl several times, (ii) spraying conidial suspension on leaves, (iii) placing colonized agar into lateral slits in leaves and (iv) placing colonized agar into whorls. Analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of genotype and inoculation method on several components of resistance and overall disease severity. Application of conidial suspension while puncturing the whorl was found to be the least laborious method, and it produced characteristic symptoms of gray leaf spot. Consistent trends were observed in classification of inbreds to resistant, susceptible and intermediate classes. Increasing the duration of exposure to high humidity by placing plastic bags over plants for 5 days significantly increased disease severity (P £ 0.001). Cercospora zeae-maydis produced conidia in all the lesions examined. Spore production was generally most abundant in lesions on susceptible inbreds that displayed necrotic lesion types (LT) and least abundant in lesions on resistant inbreds that were characterized by chlorotic and fleck LTs. The results demonstrated that inoculations in the greenhouse can provide an indication of inbred responses to C. zeaemaydis and may be useful in evaluating resistance and in studies of host-pathogen interactions.

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Overwintering and Spore Release ofCercospora zeae-maydisin Corn Debris in North Carolina

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Fungicide responses of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot

Fungicide responses of maize hybrids to grey leaf spot

Effect of Cercospora zeae‐maydis infested maize residue on progress and spread of grey leaf spot of maize in central Uganda

Development of Greenhouse Inoculation Procedures for Evaluation of Partial Resistance to Cercospora zeae‐maydis in Maize Inbreds

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