Overwintering Cost Associated with Resistance to Transgenic Cotton in the Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Carrière, Yves; Ellers-Kirk, Christa; Patin, Amanda L.; Sims, Maria A.; Meyer, Susan K.; Liu, Yong Biao; Dennehy, Timothy J.; Tabashnik, Bruce E.

doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.4.935

Cited by 124 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Plutella xylostella fed on a diet containing Bt laid fewer eggs with lower viability, had reduced larval survival and adult eclosion rates, and ultimately reduced fecundity [38,39]. Carriere et al [40] reported that resistance to Cry1Ac in Pectinophora gossypiella was associated with over-wintering fitness costs. Other pest species have also been reported to develop Bt resistance under the continuous selection pressure of the Bt toxin [2,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Guo

Wan

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Digestive and detoxification enzyme activity and nutrient composition were examined in the body of fourth instar beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), fed on transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and non-Bt cotton for different time periods. Nutrient composition and specific enzyme activities differed significantly between the S. exigua fed Bt vs. non-Bt cotton. At 1, 6 and 24 h, free fatty acid and glucose levels were significantly lower in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton than those fed on non-Bt cotton. S. exigua fed on Bt cotton had significantly higher trypsin and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities and significantly lower lipase, carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities than non-Bt fed worms for all feeding time periods. Differences were also observed among feeding times within each cotton variety group. Significantly lower free fatty acid and total amino acid were observed in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h than in those fed for 1 h. Significantly lower activities of lipase and trypsin were detected in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h than those for 1 and 4 h. However, carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h were significantly higher than those for 1, 4 and 6 h. The interaction between cotton variety and feeding time significantly affected the activities of lipase, trypsin, acetylcholinesterase and T-SOD enzymes in S. exigua. Measuring the temporal allocation of protection and detoxification enzyme activities in the body of S. exigua in response to B. thuringiensis can provide a meaningful evaluation on the metabolic tolerance of herbivorous insects under the continuous selection pressure of a toxic protein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Guo

Wan

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…This study provides no information about the life history traits potentially altered by the presence of this allele. Based on previous studies, the traits affected may be as different as overwintering success (Carrière et al, 2001b), fecundity and mating success (Groeters et al, 1994), larval survival , maternal effects (Carrière et al, 2001a) and first-male paternity (Higginson et al, 2005). Génissel et al (2003a) pointed out that Bt resistance allele frequencies exceeding 10 À3 may result from a combination of a high mutation rate (eg u ¼ 10 À5 ) and a small (eg s ¼ 0.01) and/or recessive (eg h ¼ 0.1) fitness cost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Chrysomela tremulae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Al¹,

Bourguet

et al. 2006

Heredity

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The 'high dose-refuge' (HDR) strategy is commonly recommended and currently used for delaying or preventing pest adaptation to transgenic plants producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. The efficiency of this strategy depends, among other factors, on the initial frequency of Bt resistance alleles and on the fitness costs associated with these alleles. Two years ago, an allele conferring resistance to Bt poplar was detected in a French population of the poplar pest Chrysomela tremulae F. Although this pest had never been subjected to Bt selection pressure due to human activities, the frequency of this allele was estimated at 0.0037, with a 95% credible (CI) interval of 0.00045-0.0080. We investigated the frequency of this allele in a second sample of C. tremulae collected more than 500 km from the site of the initial population. The estimated frequency in this sample was 0.0113 (95% CI 0.0031-0.0247), reinforcing the conclusion that resistance to Bt plants may be present at detectable frequencies in pest populations before selection resulting from pest management by humans. The frequency of the Bt resistance allele over the two samples was 0.0049 (95% CI 0.0020-0.0091). We also followed five laboratory lines in which the frequency of this allele was initially fixed at 0.500. After five generations maintained on non-Bt poplar leaves, the frequency of this allele decreased in all lines, whereas allelic frequencies at a neutral locus were unaffected. Thus, the Bt resistance allele detected in French populations of C. tremulae is probably associated with a fitness cost.

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“…For simplicity, we distributed the effect of the overwintering cost equally among generations, assuming five generations of pink bollworm per year (17). In field experiments, the mean overwintering cost was 71% (30). This cost reflects an overwintering survival ratio of 0.29 for the resistant strain relative to the susceptible strain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although resistant strains were fixed or nearly fixed for RR, some susceptible strains used in fitness cost comparisons were heterogeneous, which could cause underestimation of fitness costs (30,31,33). The presence of RS or SS individuals in resistant strains could cause overestimation of effects of incomplete resistance because RS and SS perform better on non-Bt cotton than on Bt cotton.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed resistance to transgenic cotton in pink bollworm

Tabashnik

Dennehy

Carrière

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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197

181

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Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins kill some key insect pests and thus can reduce reliance on insecticides. Widespread planting of such Bt crops increased concerns that their usefulness would be cut short by rapid evolution of resistance to Bt toxins by pests. Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) is a major pest that has experienced intense selection for resistance to Bt cotton in Arizona since 1997. We monitored pink bollworm resistance to Bt toxin for 8 years with laboratory bioassays of strains derived annually from 10 -17 cotton fields statewide. Bioassay results show no net increase from 1997 to 2004 in the mean frequency of pink bollworm resistance to Bt toxin. A synthesis of experimental and modeling results suggests that this delay in resistance can be explained by refuges of cotton without Bt toxin, recessive inheritance of resistance, incomplete resistance, and fitness costs associated with resistance.Bacillus thuringiensis ͉ resistance management ͉ transgenic crops

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Overwintering Cost Associated with Resistance to Transgenic Cotton in the Pink Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Cited by 124 publications

References 32 publications

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Frequency and fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Chrysomela tremulae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Delayed resistance to transgenic cotton in pink bollworm

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