Oviposition ecology and species composition of Aedes spp. and Aedes aegypti dynamics in variously urbanized settings in arbovirus foci in southeastern Côte d’Ivoire

Zahouli, Julien B. Z.; Utzinger, Jürg; Adja, Maurice A; Müller, Pie; Malone, David; Tano, Yao; Koudou, Benjamin G.

doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1778-9

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The degree of urbanization is characterized by land use, vegetation coverage, human population density, state of roads, and public services, as described in Zahouli et al [16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

et al. 2017

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BackgroundFailure in detecting naturally occurring breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes can bias the conclusions drawn from field studies, and hence, negatively affect intervention outcomes. We characterized the habitats of immature Aedes mosquitoes and explored species dynamics along a rural-to-urban gradient in a West Africa setting where yellow fever and dengue co-exist.MethodologyBetween January 2013 and October 2014, we collected immature Aedes mosquitoes in water containers in rural, suburban, and urban areas of south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire, using standardized sampling procedures. Immature mosquitoes were reared in the laboratory and adult specimens identified at species level.Principal findingsWe collected 6,159, 14,347, and 22,974 Aedes mosquitoes belonging to 17, 8, and 3 different species in rural, suburban, and urban environments, respectively. Ae. aegypti was the predominant species throughout, with a particularly high abundance in urban areas (99.374%). Eleven Aedes larval species not previously sampled in similar settings of Côte d’Ivoire were identified: Ae. albopictus, Ae. angustus, Ae. apicoargenteus, Ae. argenteopunctatus, Ae. haworthi, Ae. lilii, Ae. longipalpis, Ae. opok, Ae. palpalis, Ae. stokesi, and Ae. unilineatus. Aedes breeding site positivity was associated with study area, container type, shade, detritus, water turbidity, geographic location, season, and the presence of predators. We found proportionally more positive breeding sites in urban (2,136/3,374, 63.3%), compared to suburban (1,428/3,069, 46.5%) and rural areas (738/2,423, 30.5%). In the urban setting, the predominant breeding sites were industrial containers (e.g., tires and discarded containers). In suburban areas, containers made of traditional materials (e.g., clay pots) were most frequently encountered. In rural areas, natural containers (e.g., tree holes and bamboos) were common and represented 22.1% (163/738) of all Aedes-positive containers, hosting 18.7% of the Aedes fauna. The predatory mosquito species Culex tigripes was commonly sampled, while Toxorhynchites and Eretmapodites were mostly collected in rural areas.Conclusions/significanceIn Côte d’Ivoire, urbanization is associated with high abundance of Aedes larvae and a predominance of artificial containers as breeding sites, mostly colonized by Ae. aegypti in urban areas. Natural containers are still common in rural areas harboring several Aedes species and, therefore, limiting the impact of systematic removal of discarded containers on the control of arbovirus diseases.

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“…The degree of urbanization is characterized by land use, vegetation coverage, human population density, state of roads, and public services, as described in Zahouli et al [16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

et al. 2017

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“…Selectively logged forest was described as a forest slightly fragmented due to selective logging of especially hardwood trees. Such disturbance possibly allows sunlight penetration and accelerates mosquito development and survivorship (Kilpatrick et al , Tangena et al , Zahouli et al ). This factor, in combination with the greater number of larval biotopes that are still available to be exploited by different species, may be an important reason for the increase in abundance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of deforestation on the abundance, diversity, and richness of Culex mosquitoes in a southwest Cameroon tropical rainforest

Mayi

Foncha

Kowo

et al. 2019

Journal of Vector Ecology

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Deforestation is a major threat to biodiversity but little data exist on how deforestation in real‐time affects the overall mosquito species community despite its known role in the transmission of diseases. We compared the abundance and diversity of Culex mosquitoes before and after deforestation along a gradient of three different anthropogenic disturbance levels in a tropical rainforest in southwestern Cameroon. The collections were conducted in unlogged forest (January, 2016), selectively logged forest (January, 2017), and within a young palm plantation (October, 2017) using net traps, sweep nets, resting traps, and dipping for immature stages in water bodies. Mosquitoes were morphologically identified to subspecies, groups, and species. A total of 2,556 mosquitoes was collected of which 1,663 (65.06%) belong to the genus Culex, (n=427 (25.68%) in the unlogged forest; n=900 (54.12%) in the selectively logged forest; and n=336 (20.2%) in the young palm plantation) with a significant difference among the habitats. Diversity and richness of mosquitoes varied significantly among habitats with the highest values found in the selectively logged forest (H=2.4; DS=0.87; S=33) and the lowest value in the unlogged forest (H=1.37; DS=0.68; S=13). The results of this study showed that deforestation affects the abundance and diversity of Culex mosquitoes and favors the invasion of anthropophilic mosquitoes. Higher mosquito abundance and diversity in the selectively logged forest than in the pristine forest is notable and some explanations for these differences are discussed.

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“…The previous studies were concerned mainly on oviposition ecology and abundance of species by urbanization [13, 20, 29] without knowing how many eggs one female could produce in a lifetime. By increasing eggs production by Aedes mosquitoes, urbanization could potentially worsen the epidemic risk factors for arboviruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biting rhythm, fecundity and longevity rate ofAedes albopictus(Skuse) females from different urbanized settings in Penang Island, Malaysia under uncontrolled laboratory conditions

Muhammad

Kassim

Majid

et al. 2019

Preprint

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27Urbanization could potentially modify Aedes albopictus' ecology by changing the 28 dynamics of the species, and increasing the abundance of their breeding sites due to 29 environmental changes, and thus contribute to dengue outbreaks. An efficient control of the 30 vector requires a deeper understanding on the biological components of this vector. Thus, this 31 study was conducted to evaluate the biting rhythm, fecundity and longevity rate of Ae. 32 albopictus in relation to urbanization strata; urban, suburban and rural areas in Penang Island, 33 Malaysia. The experiments were done in comparison to a laboratory strain. Twenty-four hours 34 biting activity of all the mosquito strains showed a clear bimodal biting activity, with morning 35 and evening twilight peaks. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) found that there was 36 statistically no significant interaction (F(69,192) = 1.337, P > 0.05) between the effects of 37 biting time and mosquito strains. Meanwhile, fecundity rates were shown to be statistically 38 significantly different between mosquito strains (F(3,442) = 10.559, P < 0.05) with urban 39 areas having higher mean number of eggs (mean = 107.69, standard error = 3.98) than 40 suburban (mean = 94.48, standard error = 5.18), and rural areas (mean = 72.52, standard error 41 = 3.87). Longevity rates were significantly higher (F(3,441) = 31.259, P < 0.05) for mosquito 42 strains from urban areas compared to the other strains. These findings would provide crucial 43 and relevant fundamental information to the planning of control program in Malaysia, 44 particularly Penang.45 46 47 62 in terms of vector control. 63 64 65 Urbanization primarily results in the physical growth of urban areas, leading to 66 environmental changes. It is a global trend that results from economic development. Malaysia 67 is among the fastest growing developing countries in the East [1], and the unprecedented 68 movement of people into these areas is predicted to aggravate in the future [17]. A lot of 69 problems have arisen as a result of urbanization and Malaysia is no exception. Among the 70 problems that often take center stage in urbanization debates include environmental pollution, 71 4 space, population density and the destruction of natural ecology [20]. The socioeconomic 72 effects of urbanization have been comprehensively studied by socio-ecologists [22, 28, 15]. 73 However, the ecological effects and their impact on vector biology and vector-borne 74 infectious disease transmission remain unclear. 75 Most of the previous studies were concerned mainly on oviposition ecology from 76 larval habitats and abundance of Aedes species in various urbanized settings (13, 20, 29]. 77 However, the biting activity, fecundity and survivorship of individual female Ae. albopictus is 78 unknown in response to urbanization level particularly in Penang Island. In order to 79 determine how environmental changes due to urbanization affect the life history traits of Ae. 80 albopictus in terms of survival and reproductive fitness, thi...

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Oviposition ecology and species composition of Aedes spp. and Aedes aegypti dynamics in variously urbanized settings in arbovirus foci in southeastern Côte d’Ivoire

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

Impact of deforestation on the abundance, diversity, and richness of Culex mosquitoes in a southwest Cameroon tropical rainforest

Biting rhythm, fecundity and longevity rate ofAedes albopictus(Skuse) females from different urbanized settings in Penang Island, Malaysia under uncontrolled laboratory conditions

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