“…In order to compare the forecasting results with other researchers' work [10,11,27,36,[48][49][50][51] Step 1: Construct FFTS for historical training data For each element X(t)(t = 1, 2, ..., T) in the historical training time series, its fluctuation trend is determined by Y(t) = X(t) − X(t − 1), (t = 2, 3, ..., T). According to the range and orientation of the fluctuations, Y(t)(t = 2, 3, ..., T) can be fuzzified into a linguistic set {down, equal, up}.…”