An IMP-4-producing Acinetobacter pittii strain coproducing oxacillinases was isolated from a leg wound of a 67-year-old female patient. Identification to the species level by rpoB and gyrB sequencing and multiplex-PCR-based analysis revealed that the isolate was A. pittii. Whole-genome sequencing of this A. pittii isolate determined the presence of bla OXA-96 , bla CARB-2 , and a novel bla OXA-421 gene. The position of this novel bla OXA-421 gene was similar to that of bla OXA-51 in A. baumannii, downstream of the phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase gene and upstream of fxsA in the chromosome. This A. pittii isolate was found to belong to sequence type 119 (ST119). Here, we report the first isolation of IMP-4-producing A. pittii ST119 with a novel bla OXA-421 gene from a patient in Australia and characterize its draft genome.
CASE REPORTA 67-year-old diabetic woman suffered a fall leading to a displaced distal spiral tibial plateau fracture. In the weeks prior to the fall, she had received multiple antimicrobials (clindamycin, lincomycin, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftazidime) for an infected hematoma of the breast and a series of lower respiratory tract infections. The patient underwent definitive repair of the fracture but postoperatively developed osteomyelitis. Debridement of the leg wound was performed. Acinetobacter species and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus strains were isolated from the tissue removed. This Acinetobacter species (CR12-42) was carbapenem resistant. Despite ongoing antibiotic treatment, the patient's leg required amputation in March 2013, after continuous inflammation, infections for more than 5 months, and an episode of severe Clostridium difficile infection resulting in colectomy. The leg infection was resolved by the amputation.The initial identification of this Acinetobacter species was done by Vitek 2. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Vitek 2 (bioMérieux) showed resistance to carbapenems, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, gentamicin, tobramycin, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, and ciprofloxacin according to the EUCAST standard (1). The isolate was referred to our laboratory at the University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research. The Acinetobacter isolate was identified to the species level by a gyrB multiplex PCR, which revealed that CR12-42 was Acinetobacter pittii (2). Partial rpoB sequencing (3) confirmed that CR12-42 was A. pittii.Phenotypic characterization to determine the class of carbapenemase was performed as previously described (4-6). The A. pittii isolate showed a metallo--lactamase phenotype by producing a larger inhibition zone around carbapenem disks with EDTA than around carbapenem disks alone (Ͼ5-mm breakpoint increase in the size of the inhibition zone). The isolate also produced a positive result in the modified Hodge and Carba NP tests for carbapenemase production. MICs were determined with Etest (bioMérieux). The isolate was resistant to all of the carbapenems tested, i.e., ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefo...