Oxalate-degrading capacities of lactic acid bacteria in canine feces

Ren, Zhihua; Chen, Pan; Jiang, Luyan; Wu, Cong; Liu, Yongwang; Zhong, Zhijun; Ran, Linwu; Ren, Fei; Chen, Xingxiang; Wang, Yangguang; Zhu, Yongxing; Huang, Kehe

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.003

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…One study found that Enterococcus faecalis is capable of degrading oxalate for use as a sole carbon and energy source (11). Another showed that Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis could degrade oxalate in the presence of MRS broth, similar to the case for the Lactobacillus isolates in our study (29). Our study is the first to show that E. gallinarum is also capable of degrading oxalate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The PSC oxalate is a widely produced compound that has a considerable impact on the ecology and evolution of mammalian herbivores, as well as humans. While most studies in the past have focused on fecal communities or a single microbial species capable of degrading large amounts of oxalate, recent research reveals that highly diverse oxalate-degrading bacteria inhabit the mammalian gut (8,11,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). We have shown that consortia of oxalate-degrading bacteria are present and distributed throughout the gut in mammalian herbivores that specialize on oxalate-rich plants, with fecal communities being among the least representative of potential oxalate-degrading bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Despite its prevalence and toxicity, mammals do not produce the enzymes capable of metabolizing oxalate (22,23). However, oxalate-degrading bacteria are widely distributed within the guts of mammals (8,11,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

Miller

Kohl

Dearing

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The microbiota inhabiting the mammalian gut is a functional organ that provides a number of services for the host. One factor that may regulate the composition and function of gut microbial communities is dietary toxins. Oxalate is a toxic plant secondary compound (PSC) produced in all major taxa of vascular plants and is consumed by a variety of animals. The mammalian herbivore Neotoma albigula is capable of consuming and degrading large quantities of dietary oxalate. We isolated and characterized oxalate-degrading bacteria from the gut contents of wild-caught animals and used high-throughput sequencing to determine the distribution of potential oxalate-degrading taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. Isolates spanned three genera: Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Enterococcus. Over half of the isolates exhibited significant oxalate degradation in vitro, and all Lactobacillus isolates contained the oxc gene, one of the genes responsible for oxalate degradation. Although diverse potential oxalate-degrading genera were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, they were most concentrated in the foregut, where dietary oxalate first enters the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesize that unique environmental conditions present in each gut region provide diverse niches that select for particular functional taxa and communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

Miller

Kohl

Dearing

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In fact, oxalate is a constituent in 80% of kidney stones in humans (17). Oxalate is not metabolized by mammalian enzymes but rather is biotransformed into formate and CO 2 by gut microbes (7,(18)(19)(20)(21). While some oxalate-degrading bacteria, such as Oxalobacter formigenes, biotransform oxalate for use as a carbon and energy source, the growth of other oxalate-degrading bacteria, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, is inhibited by the presence of oxalate, even though these bacteria biotransform the compound when present (7,22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Oxalate on the Gut Microbiota of the Mammalian Herbivore Neotoma albigula

Miller

Oakeson

Dale

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Diet is one of the primary drivers that sculpts the form and function of the mammalian gut microbiota. However, the enormous taxonomic and metabolic diversity held within the gut microbiota makes it difficult to isolate specific diet-microbe interactions. The objective of the current study was to elucidate interactions between the gut microbiota of the mammalian herbivore Neotoma albigula and dietary oxalate, a plant secondary compound (PSC) degraded exclusively by the gut microbiota. We quantified oxalate degradation in N. albigula fed increasing amounts of oxalate over time and tracked the response of the fecal microbiota using high-throughput sequencing. The amount of oxalate degraded in vivo was linearly correlated with the amount of oxalate consumed. The addition of dietary oxalate was found to impact microbial species diversity by increasing the representation of certain taxa, some of which are known to be capable of degrading oxalate (e.g., Oxalobacter spp.). Furthermore, the relative abundances of 117 operational taxonomic units (OTU) exhibited a significant correlation with oxalate consumption. The results of this study indicate that dietary oxalate induces complex interactions within the gut microbiota that include an increase in the relative abundance of a community of bacteria that may contribute either directly or indirectly to oxalate degradation in mammalian herbivores. Mammals live in a complex and largely symbiotic relationship with their gut microbiota. This microbiota harbors 150 times more genes than the host and exhibits complex interactions with the host's diet (1-3). In mammalian herbivores, diverse intestinal bacteria ferment a diet high in recalcitrant cellulose and in turn synthesize nutrients from the diet in a form more amenable to absorption by the host (4). Furthermore, mammalian herbivores harbor greater microbial diversity in their gut than either omnivores or carnivores (1). Despite the progress of research into the interactions between the mammalian gut microbiota and diet, the isolation of specific diet-microbe interactions in such a complex system has proven to be difficult (5, 6).In addition to having a role in fermentation, microbes play an important role in the biotransformation of dietary toxins in mammalian herbivores (4, 7-10). For some toxins, such as oxalate or 3,4-dihydroxypyridine (DHP), a single species of bacteria is capable of biotransforming the toxin, and this function can be transferred to other mammals through microbial transplants (7,8,11,12). For other toxins, such as creosote resin, whole microbial community transplantation into other mammals can increase tolerance (10).Oxalate, a widely produced and ingested plant secondary compound (PSC), serves as an excellent model to study diet-microbe interactions (13). It is the simplest organic acid and is toxic to mammals (14-16). Oxalate can bind to free calcium ions in the blood and aggregate in the kidneys to form kidney stones (17). In fact, oxalate is a constituent in 80% of kidney stones in humans (17). Oxala...

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“…genera are known to efficiently metabolize oxalate in dogs (Gnanandarajah et al , 2012). As matter of fact, several surveys were focused on the search of oxalates degradation abilities in Lactic acid Bacteria (LAB) strains (Hokama et al , 2000; Hoppe et al , 2005; Lieske et al , 2005; Turroni et al , 2007; Murphy et al , 2009; Ren et al , 2011). Anbazhagan et al (2013) generated a recombinant Lb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of oxalate degrading lactic acid bacteria of food origin

Murru

Blaiotta²,

Peruzy

et al. 2017

Ital J Food Safety

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A screening for oxalate degrading abilities was initially carried on within Lactic Acid Bacteria cultures of different food origin. Seventy-nine strains were drop-inoculated onto MRS agar plates containing calcium oxalate. By comparing colonies diameters, 31 strains were used to inoculate, in parallel, MRS and MRS modified by sodium oxalate addition. Differences in the strains’ growth were assessed by colony forming unit counts. For two strains, the growth in oxalate enriched medium was significantly higher; while, for eleven strains an opposite behaviour was recorded. Two strains – probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus LbGG and Enterococcus faecalis 59 – were chosen. The first strain appeared to be able to metabolize oxalate more efficiently than the other tested cultures, while strain 59 appeared unable to gather advantage by oxalates and, indeed, appeared to be inhibited by the salt presence in the medium. Outcomes revealed that higher glucose concentrations may favour oxalates utilization. In MRS with oxalate, but without glucose, citrate was completely metabolized. Evaluation along time confirmed that the oxalate degradation is more significant in presence of glucose. Outcomes may represent a good start for the development of a safe and even probiotic culture able to lower the oxalates content of food.

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Oxalate-degrading capacities of lactic acid bacteria in canine feces

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

Effect of Dietary Oxalate on the Gut Microbiota of the Mammalian Herbivore Neotoma albigula

Screening of oxalate degrading lactic acid bacteria of food origin

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