Oxali-palladium nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, protein binding, and apoptosis induction in colorectal cancer cells

Abstract

This paper focuses on the synthesis of nano-oxali-palladium coated with turmeric extract (PdNPs) using a green chemistry technique based on the reduction in the Pd (II) complex by phytochemicals inherent in turmeric extract. PdNPs were examined and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Using different spectroscopic and molecular dynamics simulations, a protein-binding analysis of the produced nanoparticle was conducted by observing its interaction with human serum albumin (HSA). Lastly, the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic processes of PdNPs were studied against the HCT116 human colorectal cell line using the MTT assay and flow cytometry tests. According to the findings, PdNPs with spherical and homogenous morphology and a size smaller than 100 nm were generated. In addition, they can induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with a lower Cc50 (78 µL) than cisplatin and free oxali-palladium against HCT116 cells. The thermodynamic characteristics of protein binding of nanoparticles with HSA demonstrated that PdNPs had a great capacity for quenching and interacting with HSA through hydrophobic forces. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that free oxali-palladium and PdNP attach to the same area of HSA via non-covalent interactions. It is conceivable to indicate that the synthesized PdNPs are a potential candidate for the construction of novel, nature-based anticancer treatments with fewer side effects and a high level of eco-friendliness. Graphical Abstract

Use of Biomaterials in 3D Printing as a Solution to Microbial Infections in Arthroplasty and Osseous Reconstruction

“…Another avenue that can be explored to enhance the antimicrobial properties of the discussed biomaterials is phytochemicals [ 379 , 380 ]. Recent research has highlighted the antimicrobial potential of numerous phytochemicals (e.g., [ 381 , 382 , 383 , 384 , 385 , 386 ]); many purified plant compounds have been found to have antimicrobial properties, such as capsaicin [ 387 ] and other capsaicinoids [ 388 , 389 ], curcumin [ 390 , 391 , 392 ], kaempferol and its derivatives [ 393 , 394 ], catechins [ 395 , 396 ], turmeric [ 397 ], fucoidan [ 398 ], and other plant compounds (e.g., [ 399 , 400 ]). Phytochemicals have already been used as coatings for a variety of materials and for a variety of purposes.…”