Oxaliplatin for Colorectal Cancer Therapy: A Review

Sharma, Gaurav; Anghore, Durgadas; Khare, Rajshree; Rawal, Ravindra K.

doi:10.2174/2212697x05666180905094942

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Oxaliplatin has been proven for its specificity against colorectal tumors, thereby becoming a standard therapeutic in the management of this malignancy (5). However, its clinical application is restricted due to drug resistance and toxic side effects (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxaliplatin promotes siMAD2L2‑induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells

Zhao

et al. 2021

Mol Med Rep

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The clinical efficacy of colorectal tumor treatment is restricted due to platinum agent resistance. Translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) has been shown to contribute to this resistance; however, the exact molecular mechanism remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the possible function of the core of the TLS polymerase mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2 (MAD2L2) in drug sensitivity, in order to provide a treatment rationale for platinum-based chemotherapy in colon cancer. In the present study, MAD2L2 was knocked down using MAD2L2-specific small interfering (si)RNA. HCT116 and SW620 cells were treated with oxaliplatin and MG132; oxaliplatin is a platinum compound that induces DNA damage and MG132 is a potent proteasome inhibitor. Cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was examined via flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. The activity of proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 13 (PSMD13) was detected using ELISA, while the expression levels of apoptotic-related proteins were detected via western blotting. The results demonstrated that cells treated with oxaliplatin or MG132 alone had decreased viability, but a synergistic effect was not observed after co-treatment. In addition, the knockdown of MAD2L2 caused by siMAD2L2 or oxaliplatin treatment increased the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and decreased the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, compared with the negative control group. Moreover, MG132 alleviated the decrease in MAD2L2 expression, while reducing siMAD2L2-induced cell apoptosis. These results indicate that oxaliplatin promotes siMAD2L2-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells. This process was associated with the Bcl-2 and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Overall, the present study provides a theoretical basis for improving the clinical efficacy of colon cancer by combining chemotherapy and gene therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxaliplatin promotes siMAD2L2‑induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells

Zhao

et al. 2021

Mol Med Rep

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“…As with other chemotherapeutic agents, it is known that the use of OXA is associated with certain limitations such as systemic toxicity and innate and acquired resistance, which are related to an increase in patients' morbidity and mortality [62]. This drug has a wide spectrum of adverse effects that affect the most diverse organs and can cause anemia and cytopenia; nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; mucositis and stomatitis; hearing loss; hepatic, cardiac and renal dysfunctions; neurosensory toxicity and neuropathies; as well as alopecia, anorexia and asthenia [46,47,63,64].…”

Section: Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarriers as a Tool for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2021

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Nanotechnology is a promising tool for the treatment of cancer. In the past decades, major steps have been made to bring nanotechnology into the clinic in the form of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. The great hope of drug delivery systems is to reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutics while simultaneously increasing the efficiency of the therapy. An increased treatment efficiency would greatly benefit the quality of life as well as the life expectancy of cancer patients. However, besides its many advantages, nanomedicines have to face several challenges and hurdles before they can be used for the effective treatment of tumors. Here, we give an overview of the hallmarks of cancer, especially colorectal cancer, and discuss biological barriers as well as how drug delivery systems can be utilized for the effective treatment of tumors and metastases.

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Conventional Cancer Treatment

Cavalcanti

Soares

2021

Advances in Cancer Treatment

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Oxaliplatin for Colorectal Cancer Therapy: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

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Oxaliplatin promotes siMAD2L2‑induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells

Oxaliplatin promotes siMAD2L2‑induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells

Nanocarriers as a Tool for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Conventional Cancer Treatment

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