Oxidant injury of cells. DNA strand-breaks activate polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase and lead to depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Schraufstätter, Ingrid U.; Hinshaw, Daniel B.; Hyslop, Paul A.; Spragg, Roger G.; Cochrane, Charles G.

doi:10.1172/jci112436

Cited by 492 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This result justify by Luann et al (2002) who reported that, oxidative DNA damage is associated with intense noise exposure in the rat. One of the possibility is that DNA can be an early target of damage in mammals, such that strand breakage occurs before detectable lipid peroxidation or protein damage (Schraufstatter et al, 1986). The damage may result from direct ROS activity or may be an indirect result of ROS lipid peroxidation.…”

Section: Dna Fragmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective effects of Indigofera tinctoria on noise stress affected Wistar albino rat brain

Srinivasan¹,

Wankhar²,

Sheeladevi³

et al. 2015

J App Pharm Sci

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The objective of the study is to evaluate the DNA damage, behavior and free radical scavenging enzymes level when exposed to noise. Noise stress was performed using broadband white noise generator after pre-treated oral administration of Indigofera tinctoria (300mg/Kg .b.w.). Significance increase in nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation level in stressed rat shows possibility of neurodegeneration and this is justified by genomic DNA damage in brain discrete region. Increase in enzymatic and decrease in non-enzymatic level suggest that oxidative imbalance persist in animal when expose to noise in both brain and adrenal. Anxiety and altered motor coordination was also observed in our studies, this finding could be attributed to the detrimental effects of noise not only at the biochemical level but also the molecular and psychological behavior of the rat. However, oral administration of I.tinctoria significantly prevented noise induced oxidative damages. These results conclude that I.tinctoria may possess neuroprotective effects and the antioxidant property of the plant may have resulted in its therapeutic efficacy.

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Section: Dna Fragmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective effects of Indigofera tinctoria on noise stress affected Wistar albino rat brain

Srinivasan¹,

Wankhar²,

Sheeladevi³

et al. 2015

J App Pharm Sci

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“…An excessive stimulation of PARP-1 can lead to depletion of NAD + /NADH and can therefore interfere with the synthesis of ATP [76], leading to a state of cytopathic hypoxia and cell death. is has been studied in various cells, including macrophages and smooth muscle cells stimulated with oxidizing molecules [77], and enterocytes stimulated with proin ammatory cytokines and oxidizing molecules [78].…”

Section: Activation Of Enzymes In Ol Ed In Dna Damage Repair: Poly (Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Sepsis, mitochondrial failure and multiple organ dysfunction

Dúran-Bedolla

Oca-Sandoval²,

Saldaña-Navor³

et al. 2014

CIM

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Purpose: e purpose of this review is to consider the state of oxidative stress, failure of the antioxidant systems and mitochondrial failure as the main physiopathological mechanisms leading to multiple organ dysfunction during sepsis.Principal ndings: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by a severe infection that triggers an exaggerated in ammatory response. Involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis are the activation of in ammatory, immune, hormonal, metabolic and bioenergetic responses. One of the pivotal factors in these processes is the increase of reactive species accompanied by the failure of the antioxidant systems, leading to a state of irreversible oxidative stress and mitochondrial failure.In a physiological state, reactive species and antioxidant systems are in redox balance. e loss of this balance during both chronic and infectious diseases leads to a state of oxidative stress, which is considered to be the greatest promoter of a systemic in ammatory response.e loss of the redox balance, together with a systemic in ammatory response during sepsis, can lead to progressive and irreversible mitochondrial failure, energy depletion, hypoxia, septic shock, severe sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction and death of the patient. Conclusion:Knowledge of the molecular processes associated with the development of oxidative stress should facilitate the development of e ective therapies and better prognosis for patients with sepsis and organ dysfunction.

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“…oxidative stress [7] and exposure to various mutagens [8] or to UV light [6]. Activation of PADPRP does not occur at the gene level, but through interaction between PADPRP and damaged DNA [9].…”

Section: Poly(adp-ribose)polymerasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

Berglund

1994

FEBS Letters

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A hypothesis is presented suggesting that nicotinamide (NIC) is an initial signal substance in the response of eukaryotic cells to conditions which cause DNA-strand breakage, especially in connection with oxidative stress. In the stressed cell, NIC is released as a result of the activity of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PADPRP). PADPRP is known to be activated by DNA-strand breakage, caused by e.g. oxidative stress or mutagens. NIC and its metabolite trigonelline (N-methylnicotinic acid) can induce defensive metabolism at the gene level. Connections between NIC and DNA-methylation are also considered. This hypothesis is discussed in the light of own observations and literature reports.

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Oxidant injury of cells. DNA strand-breaks activate polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase and lead to depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Cited by 492 publications

References 50 publications

Neuroprotective effects of Indigofera tinctoria on noise stress affected Wistar albino rat brain

Neuroprotective effects of Indigofera tinctoria on noise stress affected Wistar albino rat brain

Sepsis, mitochondrial failure and multiple organ dysfunction

Nicotinamide, a missing link in the early stress response in eukaryotic cells: A hypothesis with special reference to oxidative stress in plants

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