Oxidant metabolism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

The development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been associated with increased oxidative stress or reduced antioxidant resources. Several indicators of oxidative stress, such as hydrogen peroxide exhalation, lipid peroxidation products and degraded proteins, are indeed elevated in COPD patients. As a result, the antioxidant capacity decreases in COPD patients.The fall in antioxidant capacity of blood from COPD patients should not only be regarded as a reflection of the occurrence of oxidative stress but also as evidence that oxidative stress spreads out to the circulation and can therefore generate a systemic effect.COPD is linked to weight loss and in particular to loss in fat-free mass by skeletal muscle wasting. This systemic effect can be mediated by both oxidative stress and oxidative stress-mediated processes like apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, COPD is a predisposition for lung cancer through several mechanisms including oxidative stress and oxidative stress-mediated processes such as inflammation and disruption of genomic integrity.Current therapeutic interventions against the far-reaching consequences of the systemic oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are not yet optimised. A diet designed to reduce chronic metabolic stress might form an effective therapeutic strategy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review

“…In particular, subjects with asthma [29], chronic obstructive lung diseases [113], diabetes [114] and cardiovascular diseases [115] have all been shown to have antioxidant deficiency [13] and be more susceptible to the effects of air pollution [108,115]. As observed in the case of cigarette smoke, a significant source of oxidative stress, air pollutants would lower antioxidant defences, with deleterious health consequences [116,117].…”

“…Most chronic diseases are associated with chronic inflammation [13,27,28,[110][111][112], which might increase susceptibility to the additional oxidative stress caused by air pollution exposure. In particular, subjects with asthma [29], chronic obstructive lung diseases [113], diabetes [114] and cardiovascular diseases [115] have all been shown to have antioxidant deficiency [13] and be more susceptible to the effects of air pollution [108,115].…”

Mechanisms of atherothrombosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…Thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances represent a measure of such a lipid peroxidation and are increased in exhaled breath condensate of patients with COPD (Nowak et al 1999). Pulmonary oxidative stress "spreads out" to the circulation and becomes a systemic alteration (Boots et al 2003). F2-isoprostanes are stable products of peroxidation of arachidonic acid (Delanty et al 1996).…”

“…Oxidative stress (Table 4) The development of COPD is associated with oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant properties (Boots et al 2003).…”

Impact of distant and regional metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer on endotoxicosis development

“…[4,5] In particular, in lungs, oxidative stress induces protein modification, macrophage activation, and neutrophil recruitment in central and peripheral airways, accumulation of lipid peroxidation toxic products, hydrogen peroxide, nitrosothiols and nitrates in membranes of the lungs, blood, and inspired air. [6][7][8][9][10] Moreover, oxidative stress can provoke National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacologyhyperplasia of mucous membranes of glands and apoptosis of bronchial epithelial cells. [11] The complex metabolic disorders and non-specific clinical manifestations that accompany the development of malignant neoplasm are characterized as a syndrome of endogenous intoxication.…”