“…According to Multipack's peak identification database, 12 the Auger peaks in the spectra correspond to the electronic transitions of carbon, titanium, and oxygen. By comparing spectrum 4(c) with spectrum 4(d) and the literature data, 13,14 the C and Ti AES features of spectrum 4(c) can be attributed to TiC, though the O peak is also present. Except for the presence of the C peak, the zone a can be identified as TiO 2 .…”