“…This classical chemical route has been broadly used especially to overcome limitations in dispersibility and processability, which are major hindrances in the investigation of their unique properties in applications such as high performance composites and biomedical applications (vaccine development, cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment, tissue engineering, biosensors, among others). Different oxidation protocols are pointed out in the literature with oxidizers such as HNO 3 , HNO 3 /H 2 SO 4 (mélange solution), H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O 2 (piranha solution), KMnO 4 , H 2 O 2 and Fenton reagent [1][2][3][4][5]. Each method produces materials with different characteristics, varying from the nature and concentration of surface oxygenated groups to their dimensions and structural quality [3,5,6].…”