Oxidation behaviour of coarse and fine SiC reinforced ZrB2 at re-entry and atmospheric oxygen pressures

Hassan, Rubia; Kundu, Rishabh; Balani, Kantesh

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.01.125

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The commercial powders of ZrB 2 (Trixotech Advanced Materials, Bareilly, UP, India, 1–5 μm, 99.5% pure), SiC‐coarse (Samics Research Materials, Bareilly, UP, India, ≤200 μm, 90% pure, with other oxide impurities of silicon and aluminum), [ 47 ] and SiC‐fine (Trixotech Advanced Materials, Bareilly, UP, India, 1–5 μm, 99.5% pure) were used as raw materials. The powder mixtures of 20 vol% SiC‐coarse in ZrB 2 , 20 vol% SiC‐fine ZrB 2 [ 39 ] were blended in Planetary Micro Mill Pulverisette 7 (FRITSCH premium line) at 500 RPM for three cycles, with 5 min run time and 5 min pause using grinding bowls of hard‐metal tungsten carbide (WC) with steel casing. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of as‐procured and blended powders are shown in Figure .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the abovementioned literature, it can be concluded that the introduction of a suitable reinforcement/s (SiC, B 4 C, or other UHTCs, such as ZrC and TiB 2 ) in ZrB 2 improves its wear properties. However, numerous studies have shown that the size of reinforcement also has an influence on microstructure, densification, mechanical properties, and oxidation resistance [37][38][39][40][41] of ZrB 2 . Moreover, wear behavior of a material in an engineering application depends upon the length scale of wear damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Hassan

Balani

2020

Adv Eng Mater

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Among all the members from different families of ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), including borides, carbides, and nitrides, zirconium diboride (ZrB 2) is a special one, [1] possessing extraordinary combination of properties, [2-4] such as high mechanical properties viz. hardness (15-29.4 GPa [5-8]), fracture toughness (2.8-4 MPa m 1/2[6,9,10]), high thermal conductivity (57.9-60 W m À1 K À1[11,12]), low electrical resistivity (9.2-10 μΩ cm [13,14]), and also low density (6.1 g cm À3[7,15]). However, for hypersonic applications, hardness, fracture toughness, and tribological properties need to be improved, and the density of monolithic ZrB 2 needs to be reduced further to produce maneuverable hypersonic vehicles. [16] Moreover, poor sinterability of UHTCs, in general, and, thus, in ZrB 2 , due to its strong covalent bonding, adherence of oxide impurities on its particles' surface, and poor self-diffusivity, has always been a matter of concern. [17,18] In this context, reinforcement with a suitable secondary phase, such as SiC, B 4 C, ZrC, and MoSi 2 , has improved not only densification but also mechanical properties, such as hardness and fracture toughness, oxidation resistance, thermal properties, and wear resistance as well. [16,18-21] Among these reinforcements, B 4 C and SiC possess low density (2.52 and 3.16 g cm À3 , respectively [16,22]) and are attracting more interest in enhancing the performance of UHTCs. Enormous research has been carried out to study the effect of reinforcements on the mechanical, oxidation, and thermal performance of ZrB 2. SiCreinforced ZrB 2 composites have received special interest, [23-25] considered as baseline UHTC composites [17,26-29] with 20 vol% SiC as optimal for aerospace applications; [30-33] however, studies regarding the effect of reinforcement on tribological behavior are available in scarce as compared with studies on other aspects, such as mechanical, thermal, and oxidation behavior. One of the earliest studies on the friction and wear of hot pressed (2100 C for 1 h at 34.3 MPa in Ar) ZrB 2-based composites carried out by Umeda et al. [34] in the 1990s showed the coefficient of friction (cof) varied between 0.90 and 0.95. With an increase in relative humidity (RH; from <10 to >70%), cof decreased to 0.2-0.4. The tests were performed in air using reciprocating pin-on-block instrument with pin and block of the same material at 7.8 N load and a sliding speed of 1.5 mm s À1 for 100 cycles. Hertzian cracks were formed perpendicular to the sliding direction in ZrB 2 and ZrB 2 þ B 4 C (50:50 wt%) composite, whereas no cracks developed in the ZrB 2 þ B 4 C þ SiC (46:46:8 wt%) composite, revealing the effective role of synergetic reinforcement of B 4 C and SiC in toughening the ZrB 2 matrix. Recently, Medveď et al. [35] processed ZrB 2-based composites viz. ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% B 4 C, ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% SiC, and ZrB 2 þ 10 wt% ZrC via spark plasma sintering (SPS; sintered from 1800 to 2050 C at 50 MPa for 10 min in Ar) to study the tribological behavior of carbide reinforceme...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Hassan

Balani

2020

Adv Eng Mater

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“…However, its oxidation behavior was superior to other coatings, because the as-formed oxide layer was dense and contained neither pores nor blisters. The sublimation of boron oxide is a known problem for refractory borides [50][51][52], so the lack of gas porosity in the Zr-Ta-Si-B coatings is remarkable. Despite increasing the adhesion, preventing the delamination, and enhancing the mechanical and tribological performance, the reactive sputtering clearly resulted in pronounced pore formation in the as-formed oxide layer upon annealing.…”

Section: Oxidation Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Oxidation Resistance, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of N- and C-Doped Ta-Zr-Si-B Hard Protective Coatings Obtained by Reactive D.C. Magnetron Sputtering of TaZrSiB Ceramic Cathode

Kiryukhantsev-Korneev

Сытченко

Vorotilo

et al. 2020

Coatings

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Coatings in the Ta-Zr-Si-B-C-N system were produced by magnetron sputtering of a TaSi2-Ta3B4-(Ta,Zr)B2 ceramic target in the Ar medium and Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 gas mixtures. The structure and composition of coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, energy-dispersion spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical and tribological properties of coatings were determined using nanoindentation and pin-on-disk tests using 100Cr6 and Al2O3 balls. The oxidation resistance of coatings was evaluated by microscopy and X-ray diffraction after annealing in air at temperatures up to 1200 °C. The reactively-deposited coatings containing from 30% to 40% nitrogen or carbon have the highest hardness up to 29 GPa and elastic recovery up to 78%. Additionally, coatings with a high carbon content demonstrated a low coefficient of friction of 0.2 and no visible signs of wear when tested against 100Cr6 ball. All coatings except for the non-reactive ones can resist oxidation up to a temperature of 1200 °C thanks to the formation of a protective film based on Ta2O5 and SiO2 on their surface. Coatings deposited in Ar-N2 and Ar-C2H4 demonstrated superior resistance to thermal cycling in conditions 20-T−20 °C (where T = 200–1000 °C). The present article compares the structure and properties of reactive and “standard-inert atmosphere” deposited coatings to develop recommendations for optimizing the composition.

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“…The addition of MoSi 2 proved to be beneficial for the sinterability, 5 the strength retention at high temperatures, and for the oxidation resistance of ZrB 2 composites 6–10 up to the high‐temperature regime of ≥1600°C, 11,12 while the incorporation of SiC fibers considerably lowers the overall density. Moreover, the addition of 10–30 vol% SiC or C short fibers increases fracture toughness above 6 MPa

\sqrt {\rm{m}}

, 13–15 being attributed to crack deflection and fiber bridging mechanisms and, for high‐volume fraction of fibers, to pull‐out 16–18 additionally improving the oxidation resistance 19 . A combination of both MoSi 2 and SiC fibers within a single ZrB 2 composite is unfortunately not feasible, since Hi‐Nicalon fibers, or even the newer fiber generation Tyranno SA3, are not stable at temperatures above 1500°C, 20 whereas ZrB 2 –MoSi 2 ‐based ceramics require a densification temperature of approximately 1700°C 14,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of SiC‐fiber decomposition via integration of a buffer layer in ZrB₂‐based ultra‐high temperature ceramics

2022

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A ZrB2‐based ceramic, containing short Hi‐Nicalon SiC fibers, was fabricated with a Mo‐impermeable buffer layer sandwiched between bulk and the outermost oxidation resistant ZrB2–MoSi2 layer, in order to prevent inward Mo diffusion and associated fiber degradation reactions. This additional layer consisted of ZrB2 doped with either Si3N4 or with the polymer‐derived ceramics (PDCs) SiCN and SiHfBCN. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and elemental mapping via energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy showed that this tailored sample geometry provides an effective diffusion barrier to prevent the SiC fibers from deterioration due to reactions with Mo or Mo‐compounds. In contrast, the structure of the SiC fibers in a reference sample without buffer layer is strongly degraded by MoSi2 diffusion into the fiber core. The comparison of the three buffer‐layer systems showed a moderate alteration of the fiber structure in the case of Si3N4 addition, whereas in the PDC‐doped samples hardly any structural change within the fibers was observed. A stepwise reaction mechanism is deduced, based on the continuous progression of a reaction zone that propagates toward the ZrB2–MoSi2 top layer. The progression of such a reaction zone as a consequence of the different eutectic melts forming in the different layers, that is, first in the SiC‐fiber‐containing bulk, then in the buffer layer itself, and finally in the top layer at high temperature, allows for an effective separation of the ZrB2–MoSi2 top layer from the SiC fibers. Subsequent oxidation at 1500°C and 1650°C for 15 min did not affect the efficiency of all three buffer layers, since no structural changes regarding buffer layer and fibers were observed, as compared to the non‐oxidized samples.

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Oxidation behaviour of coarse and fine SiC reinforced ZrB2 at re-entry and atmospheric oxygen pressures

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Structure, Oxidation Resistance, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of N- and C-Doped Ta-Zr-Si-B Hard Protective Coatings Obtained by Reactive D.C. Magnetron Sputtering of TaZrSiB Ceramic Cathode

Prevention of SiC‐fiber decomposition via integration of a buffer layer in ZrB₂‐based ultra‐high temperature ceramics

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Oxidation behaviour of coarse and fine SiC reinforced ZrB2 at re-entry and atmospheric oxygen pressures

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Engineered Role of SiC Particle Size on Multi‐Length‐Scale Wear Damage of Spark Plasma Sintered Zirconium Diboride

Structure, Oxidation Resistance, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of N- and C-Doped Ta-Zr-Si-B Hard Protective Coatings Obtained by Reactive D.C. Magnetron Sputtering of TaZrSiB Ceramic Cathode

Prevention of SiC‐fiber decomposition via integration of a buffer layer in ZrB2‐based ultra‐high temperature ceramics

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Prevention of SiC‐fiber decomposition via integration of a buffer layer in ZrB₂‐based ultra‐high temperature ceramics