Oxidation kinetics and chemostat growth kinetics of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on tetrathionate and thiosulfate

Eccleston, M.; Kelly, Donovan P.

doi:10.1128/jb.134.3.718-727.1978

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…(15 h ~ on thiosulfatc and tctrathionatc as compared to (I.107 h ~ on fcrrous iron. Similar growth rates on tctrathionate wcrc reported by Ecclcston and Kclly [86]. Growth ratcs on elemental sulfur seem to bc in the same order of magnitudc.…”

Section: Growth and Sulfur Aridationsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Surprisingly, calculations of yield (gram dry weight per gram molcculc substratc) reveal significantly higher valucs on sulfur compounds. Specifically, Eccleston and Kelly [86] and Tmwincn and Kclly [85] reportcd values ranging from 5.9 to 12.2 on tetrathionatc and thiosulfate. Such values were much higher than those reported for growth on ferrous iron (0.35).…”

Section: Growth and Sulfur Aridationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The chemolithotrophic bacteriumThiobacillus ferrooxidans

Leduc

Ferroni

1994

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

153

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The iron‐oxidizing bacterium ThiobaciUus ferrooxidans is the most important microorganism in mineral leaching. It plays the dominant role in bioextractive processes because of its ability to oxidize both iron and reduced sulfur compounds. T. ferrooxidans is also an important microorganism in acid rock/mine drainage, a serious environmental problem. In this article, the current status of this bacterium is described with particular emphasis on the biomining industry.

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Section: Growth and Sulfur Aridationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Growth and Sulfur Aridationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemolithotrophic bacteriumThiobacillus ferrooxidans

Leduc

Ferroni

1994

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

153

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“…Direct biomass measurements (e.g., protein concentration) under-estimates the value; while indirect methods (e.g., carbon dioxide off-gas analysis) overestimates the amount of biomass since it includes carbon dioxide uptake for processes un-related to cell production. One such process is extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) layer formation as sessile cells produce 1,000-fold more EPS than planktonic cells (Sand et al, 2009) and therefore, all efforts to avoid biofilm formation should be made such as regular cleaning or silane treatment of the reactor (Eccleston and Kelly, 1978;Sundkvist et al, 2008;Svirko et al, 2009). Extensive wall growth is manifested by a slowly declining biomass concentration curve when the critical dilution rate is approached (Becker and Märkl, 2000;.…”

Section: Theory and Importance Of True Chemostat Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chloride on ferrous iron oxidation by a Leptospirillum ferriphilum‐dominated chemostat culture

Gahan

Sundkvist

Dopson

et al. 2010

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Biomining is the use of microorganisms to catalyze metal extraction from sulfide ores. However, the available water in some biomining environments has high chloride concentrations and therefore, chloride toxicity to ferrous oxidizing microorganisms has been investigated. Batch biooxidation of Fe(2+) by a Leptospirillum ferriphilum-dominated culture was completely inhibited by 12 g L(-1) chloride. In addition, the effects of chloride on oxidation kinetics in a Fe(2+) limited chemostat were studied. Results from the chemostat modeling suggest that the chloride toxicity was attributed to affects on the Fe(2+) oxidation system, pH homeostasis, and lowering of the proton motive force. Modeling showed a decrease in the maximum specific growth rate (micro(max)) and an increase in the substrate constant (K(s)) with increasing chloride concentrations, indicating an effect on the Fe(2+) oxidation system. The model proposes a lowered maintenance activity when the media was fed with 2-3 g L(-1) chloride with a concomitant drastic decrease in the true yield (Y(true)). This model helps to understand the influence of chloride on Fe(2+) biooxidation kinetics.

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“…Thiobacillus ferrooxidans obtains energy for growth from the enzymatic oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron, and can obtain all its carbon requirements for cell biosynthesis from the fixation of carbon It grows at pH values between pH 1 and 4.5, at which auto-oxidation of ferrous iron is relatively low, but is catalysed by T. ferrooxidans at rates 2 x lo5 to 108 times faster than the non-biological 0xidation.5-~ The organism is important because of its catalysis, both in natural environments and in commercial mineral extraction processes, of the leaching of metals from their insoluble sulphide or oxide ores.2, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Quite detailed studies have been made of its capabilities to oxidise iron and inorganic sulphur compounds, on its carbon metabolism and its tolerance of some potentially toxic metals.2* 12, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Some data are available for growth rates and biomass production in batch c~lture,~*~*21.25 but only two substantial studies of the oxidation of ferrous iron by continuous cultures have been published. 26.27 The need for an extensive study of continuous culture of the organism has been recognised2.4 in order to be able better to describe the factors that limit the losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on ferrous iron in chemostat culture: Influence of product and substrate inhibition

Jones

Kelly

1983

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was grown at pH 1.6 in continuous flow chemostat culture on ferrous sulphate as growth limiting substrate at dilution rates between 0.02-1.33 h-1. Iron oxidation and growth were subject to product inhibition by ferric iron and under some conditions substrate inhibition by ferrous iron. Product inhibition could be predominantly competitive or non-competitive, and the mode observed depended partly on previous steady state conditions. The inhibition phenomena resulted in unique anomalous washout curves and complex relationships between steady-state substrate, product and biomass concentrations, for which mathematical models are developed. For the growth states subject to non-competitive inhibition by Fe3+ at D 0.073-0.99 h-1, the growth yield coefficient corrected for maintenance ( YG) was 1.33 g dry wt (g atom Fez+ oxidized)-1 and the maintenance coefficient (m) was 0.43 g atom Fez+ oxidized (g dry wt)-' h-1). For predominantly competitive states (D, 0.05-0.268 h-1) with 2-70 mM Fe3+ in steady states, YG was 0.36-0.38 and m was 04.04. A consequence of product inhibition and substrate inhibition was the possibility of more than one steady state product value and yield for a single steady state substate concentration. This was demonstrated experimentally. Substrate saturation coefficient, Ks (giving half maximum specific growth rate) for Fez+, was 0.7-2.4 m M and maximum specific growth rate (pm) 1.25-1.78 h-1. The results presented reveal unusual and novel properties of T. ferrooxidans relevant to describing its activities in natural environments or in mineral leaching systems. yield and rate of growth of the organism in natural environments and bacterial leaching systems.We have carried out extensive studies using chemostat and batch cultures and experiments with cell suspensions, and are now able to present precise and critical data on parameters such as maximum specific growth rate (pm), substrate saturation coefficient (&), maintenance coefficient (m), yield (Y) and the effects of product (Fe3+) and substrate (Fe2+) concentration on growth and iron metabolism. Overall, our results demonstrate Thiobacillus ferrooxidans to be an organism much more remarkable than its simple growth requirements might suggest, and subject to very complex control phenomena affecting both iron oxidation and carbon dioxide fixation. Experimental 2.1. Organism and cultural conditionsThe Yates and Nason28 strain of iWobacillus ferrooxidans was obtained originally3 from the Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton, Wiltshire. It was maintained at pH 1.6 and 30°C in medium containing (g I-l): KHaP04, 0.5; MgS04.7Hz0, 0.5; (NH4)2SOa, 3.0; FeS04.7H20, 22.2; pH adjusted with HaS04. This medium contained nutrients, other than iron, at levels greatly in excess of the growth requirements of the organism, and a modified medium was developed for use in the chemostat. It was argued that excessive levels of some ionsmight influence the kinetics of iron oxidation in steady states,2-and that the lowering of the potassiu...

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Oxidation kinetics and chemostat growth kinetics of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on tetrathionate and thiosulfate

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

The chemolithotrophic bacteriumThiobacillus ferrooxidans

The chemolithotrophic bacteriumThiobacillus ferrooxidans

Effect of chloride on ferrous iron oxidation by a Leptospirillum ferriphilum‐dominated chemostat culture

Growth of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on ferrous iron in chemostat culture: Influence of product and substrate inhibition

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