Oxidation layer in sliding friction surface of high-purity Ti₃SiC₂

Fabrication, mechanical properties, and tribological behaviors of Ti2AlC and Ti2AlSn0.2C solid solutions

“…So tin oxide could be generated easier than titanium oxide and Al 2 O 3 , due to the local high temperature and pressure during the friction process. The mixed oxide film is responsible for the friction behavior as described in our previous work [9,10,22,23]. Sliding speed affects the coverage of friction surface oxide film.…”

“…Gupta and Barsoum [21] chose Ta 2 AlC, Ta 2 AlC/Ag, and Cr 2 AlC/Ag composites to test against Ni-based superalloys; they found out the tribological characteristics are mainly decided by the generated film of MAX phase or MAX matrix composite. Zhai et al [22] and Huang et al [23] reported that due to the oxide film with self-lubricating effect on the friction surface, Ti 3 SiC 2 and Ti 3 AlC 2 exhibit excellent tribological properties sliding against low-carbon steel. Xu et al [9] and Huang et al [10] added 0.2Sn and 0.4Sn to fabricate Ti 3 Al(Sn)C 2 solid solutions; the experimental investigation showed that micro-Vickers hardness is about 12% higher and the flexural strength is increased by 51% and 67% respectively, compared with Ti 3 AlC 2 .…”

Friction and Wear of Thermal Oxidation-Treated Ti3SiC2

“…However, the tribo-induced oxide layer can effectively reduce friction and wear of Ti 3 SiC 2 . The oxide layer can be generated on either Ti 3 SiC 2 [8,9,[13][14][15] or its counterpart material [12]. An oxide layer of this kind can apparently be classified as naturally occurring oxide, which is tribologically activated and selected.…”

“…During sliding, Ti 3 SiC 2 grains easily fractured and decohered followed by material transference to its counterpart material [12]. Some research has revealed that Ti 3 SiC 2 possesses excellent tribological properties because of triboinduced oxide on the contact surface of Ti 3 SiC 2 [8,9,[13][14][15]. It should be noted that the conditions allowing the formation of lubricious oxide on the frictional surface are limited to either high sliding speed or high temperature.…”

Tribological behaviors and mechanisms of Ti3AlC2

“…In fact, the friction and wear behaviors are not the inherent attribute of material, but are strongly dependant upon the friction surface condition, which is governed by both the inherent property of material and the external applied condition. It was found recently [12][13][14][15][16] that the highly pure polycrystalline bulk Ti 3 SiC 2 has indeed a quite low friction coefficient and wear rate, when it slides dryly against the low carbon steel, especially when the sliding speed is larger than 40 m/s. The coefficient of friction was found to be only 0.1-0.2, and the wear rate of Ti 3 SiC 2 was less than 3.5 Â 10 )6 mm 3 /Nm.…”