Oxidation of H2S in seawater as a function of temperature, pH, and ionic strength

Millero, Frank J.; Hubinger, Scott.; Fernandez, Marino; Garnett, Stephen.

doi:10.1021/es00159a003

Cited by 233 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These experiments were replicated at two different times. Our results are in agreement with the literature data which reports that abiotic oxidation rates are generally very slow (Millero et al, 1987). Recently, Luther et al (2013) report an abiotic sulfide consumption rate of about 1 µM per day despite a biotic rate of about one thousand time higher was recently reported.…”

Section: H 2 S Consumption Ratesupporting

confidence: 94%

Sulfidic spring in the gypsum karst system of Monte Conca (Italy): chemistry and microbiological evidences

Messina¹,

Grech²,

Fiorenza³

et al. 2015

IJS

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Abstract:Monte Conca Cave is a karst system placed in Messinian evaporites, consisting of an active cave and a resurgence located on the massif of Monte Conca, Campofranco within the "Riserva Naturale Integrale di Monte Conca". A sulfidic spring is located in the terminal gallery of the cave. To characterize the physical and chemical parameters of the Monte Conca Cave and of the sulfidic spring, air temperature, relative humidity, water pH, and concentrations of dissolved sulfides, nitrates and sulfates were monitored. The high sulfide consumption rate in the sulfidic spring, evaluated by a kinetic study, suggests that biotic consumption is dominant. Moreover, snottites and filamentous floating mats, rich in sulfur and nitrate suggest a microbial activity related to the sulfur cycle. Iron content was also evaluated in water and snottites, given its involvement in microbial activity. The microbial mats could be the source of an autotrophic system in close correlation with the biological cycle of many species of living organisms found near the spring. Some of them show typical troglobitic characteristics, while the presence and abundance of others depends on the water amount. The greater abundance of taxa found close to the sulfidic spring suggests a complex food web associated with it. The monitoring lasted a year and half has highlighted the difference between chemical-physical parameters of the cave and the sulfidic spring, emphasizing its typical microenvironment. Messina M., Grech T., Fiorenza F., Marletta A., Valenti P. and Petralia S., 2015. Sulfidic spring in the gypsum karst system of Monte Conca (Italy): chemistry and microbiological evidences.

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Section: H 2 S Consumption Ratesupporting

confidence: 94%

Sulfidic spring in the gypsum karst system of Monte Conca (Italy): chemistry and microbiological evidences

Messina¹,

Grech²,

Fiorenza³

et al. 2015

IJS

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“…Although these values suggest close agreement for individual hydrothermal plume environments, we note that these rates are two orders of magnitude greater than oxidation of sulfide by dissolved oxygen in Gulf Stream seawater (i.e., k* ϭ 0.007 h Ϫ1 for seawater at pH 8, 4ЊC, and air-saturated seawater; Millero et al 1987). The faster rates observed in our samples are due to a combination of abiotic (e.g., oxidation by dissolved oxygen) and biologically mediated reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Distribution and behavior of dissolved hydrogen sulfide in hydrothermal plumes

Radford-Knoery

German²,

Charlou

et al. 2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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Through the deep ocean, hydrothermal plumes disperse high concentrations of key chemical tracers including He‐3, CH4, Mn, Fe, H2S, etc. This paper focuses on the distribution and behavior of total dissolved sulfide (sulfide hereafter) in hydrothermal plumes to show that its plume concentration decreases to subnanomolar a few kilometers from the vents. We also report on sulfide removal rates determined at in situ conditions; we observe that they are two orders of magnitude greater than for open ocean seawater, consistent with sulfide being detected only in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents. From our observations, we infer that the sole presence of sulfide in hydrothermal plumes locates active venting at the kilometer scale.

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“…Our first laboratory studies were on the oxidation of H 2 S in seawater with O 2 and H 2 O 2 as a function of pH and salinity (Millero et al 1987a, Millero & Hershey 1989. We found that the rates of oxidation of HS − were faster than those of H 2 S. The half-lives for the oxidation were approximately 50 h in water and 25 h in seawater.…”

Section: Chemical Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reflections on My Career as a Marine Physical Chemist, and Tales of the Deep

Millero

2015

Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.

Self Cite

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This is a personal review of how one can apply the principles of physical chemistry to study the ocean and other natural waters. Physical chemistry is the study of chemical thermodynamics, kinetics, and molecular structure. My long-term interest in the chemistry of seawater is an extension of my early work on water and the interactions that occur in aqueous electrolyte solutions, which I began as part of my PhD research on the thermodynamics of organic acids in water. Over the years, I have attempted to apply the tools of physical chemistry to elucidate the structures of seawater, brines, lakes, and rivers. I have developed and continue to work on ionic interaction models that can be applied to all natural waters. Here, I reflect on how my students, postdocs, research assistants, and scientific colleagues have influenced my life, my career, and the field of marine physical chemistry. My hope was and is to use these tools to understand the molecular structures of natural waters.

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Oxidation of H2S in seawater as a function of temperature, pH, and ionic strength

Cited by 233 publications

References 15 publications

Sulfidic spring in the gypsum karst system of Monte Conca (Italy): chemistry and microbiological evidences

Sulfidic spring in the gypsum karst system of Monte Conca (Italy): chemistry and microbiological evidences

Distribution and behavior of dissolved hydrogen sulfide in hydrothermal plumes

Reflections on My Career as a Marine Physical Chemist, and Tales of the Deep

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