Oxidation with Nickel Peroxide. III. Oxidative Cleavage of α-Glycols, α-Hydroxy Acids, α-Keto Alcohols, and α-Keto Acids.

Synthesis of Lactic Acid by Alkaline Hydrothermal Conversion of Glycerol at High Glycerol Concentration

“…According to the discussion in section we must conclude that above 280 °C conversion routes of lactic acid and pyruvaldehyde to formate and carbonate are activated. For instance, lactic acid oxidative cleavage to formic acid and carbon dioxide (carbonate) as well as dehydration to acrylic acid are favored above 265 °C in alkaline medium by the presence of an α-hydroxy group. − The lower yields below 280 °C are due to incomplete conversion of glycerol as can be seen from Figure .…”

“…For instance, lactic acid oxidative cleavage to formic acid and carbon dioxide (carbonate) as well as dehydration to acrylic acid are favored above 265 °C in alkaline medium by the presence of an R-hydroxy group. [18][19][20] The lower yields below 280 °C are due to incomplete conversion of glycerol as can be seen from Figure 2.…”

Synthesis and structural/microstructural characteristics of antimony doped tin oxide $(Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$

“…Oxidic materials exhibit fascinating electronic and magnetic properties, including metallic, semiconducting, superconducting, or insulating and ferro-, ferri-, or antiferromagnetic behaviors. In technological applications, oxides are used in the fabrication of microelectronic circuits [7], capacitors [8], sensors [9], piezoelectric devices [10], fuel cells [11], semiconductors [12,13], oxygen generators [14], organic synthetics [15][16][17][18][19], the manufacture of engineered ceramics [20], coatings for the passivation of surfaces against corrosion [21] and as catalysts as both the support and active component [22][23][24]. However, nanoscale metal oxides are particularly attractive to both pure and applied researchers because of the great variety of structure and properties, especially those related to intrinsic size-dependent properties [11,[24][25][26][27].…”

Catalytic air oxidation of benzoin in the presence of dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with sulphur chelate ligands

“…The oxidation in the presence of (4) proceeds without deactivation. In the stoicheiometric reduction of complex (2) with benzoin the absence of any e.s.r. signal due t o a mononuclear molybdenum(v) species indicates that a molybdenum( iv) species formed by a two-electron transfer process is aerobically converted into a p-0x0 binuclear molybdenum(v) complex.…”

“…The catalysis by some molybdenum complexes of the air oxidation of triphenylphosphine has been studied using [MOO,-(S,CNR,),] (R = Et or Pr') and [MoO,(cysS-OEt),] (cysS-OEt = S-deprotonated ethyl cysteinate) in N,N-dimethylformamide (dmf). In a previous paper we reported that the mechanism of oxidation of triphenylphosphine catalyzed by [MoO,(cysS-OR),] [R = Me (1) or Et (2)] differs from that with [MoO,(S,CNEt,),] (3) and that it requires a large amount of water. ' Since we have found that complex (3) has a weak oxidizing ability for primary or secondary alcohols, in this study benzoin, PhCOCH(OH)Ph, was chosen as a substrate for air oxidation catalyzed by dioxomolybdenum(v1) complexes under mild conditions.…”