Oxidative damage to DNA in diabetes mellitus

Study of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in diabetic nephropathy patients

“…The high urinary 8-OHdG levels in the patients with high albuminuria investigated in this study suggested that the increased oxidative stress has a primary role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Recent reports found an increased systemic oxidative stress in diabetic patients and in diabetic animal models [13,[21][22][23]. Our study showed that the patients with normoalbuminuria had a lower urinary 8-OHdG level than the patients with high albuminuria.…”

“…Urinary 8-OHdG has been widely used as a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage and of the total systemic oxidative stress in vivo [11,12]. Recent reports [13][14][15] found an increased 8-OHdG level in mononuclear cells and urine in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Giugliano et al [16] reported that the leukocyte or urinary 8-OHdG was related significantly with the severity of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy.…”

Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in hydroxyl radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetes

“…It is present in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and plays a key role in the development of complications through different and multiple mechanisms, including nonenzymatic glycation [6], protein kinase C activation [7], and increased aldose reductase activity [8;9]. There is accumulating evidence, especially in diabetic animal models (such as streptozotocin-diabetic rats and mice), that hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress, and reactive species such as lipid peroxides and glucose-derived aldehydes contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of complications as well [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Various studies propose different sites for production of reactive species in diabetes.…”

Alterations in the diabetic myocardial proteome coupled with increased myocardial oxidative stress underlies diabetic cardiomyopathy

“…It has been reported that increased free-radical mediated oxidative stress is associated with diabetic complications in both humans and animals [4,[12][13][14][15][16]. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or Free Oxygen Radicals (FOR's) such as superoxide radical (O 2 -), hydroxyl radical (OH -), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), generated during oxygen metabolism, are controlled by various cellular defense mechanisms consisting of enzymatic [(superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)] and non-enzymatic (vitamin E, β-carotene, vitamin C) antioxidants [17].…”