Oxidative enzymes in tissues of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to varying levels of cadmium

Abstract

The activities of some oxidative enzymes (aldehyde oxidase, AO, EC 1.2.3.1; xanthine oxidase, XO, EC 1.17.3.2; sulphite oxidase, SO, EC 1.8.3.1; and monoamine oxidase, MO, EC 1.4.3.4) were investigated in the liver, gill, kidney, brain and muscle of a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) after 7 and 21 days of exposure to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 ppm cadmium (Cd) in ambient water. MO, SO and AO activities were significantly (p \ 0.05) decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the liver, kidney and gill in the 7-day Cd-exposed fish when compared to control. Conversely, brain MO, AO and SO activities were significantly (p \ 0.05) elevated in a dosedependent manner in the same fishes relative to control. As in the 7-day Cd-exposed fish, the activities of MO, AO and SO were significantly (p \ 0.05) decreased in a dosedependent manner in the gill, kidney and liver of catfish exposed for 21 days. Same is true for XO in these organs after both duration of exposure, except in the liver where no significant change was observed relative to control. The inhibition of these oxidative enzymes in the liver, gill and kidney of catfish may interfere with their biotransformation function, and ultimately the survival of the fish may be compromised.

The Influence of Location on the Nutritional Composition of the Rind of Watermelon (<i>C. lanatus</i>) in Parts of Selected Geographical Zones in Nigeria

“…Among the essential nutrients is manganese (Mn). Through the aforementioned metalloproteins, Additionally, it is essential for the processes of digestion, reproduction, and antioxidants (Asagba et al, 2010). Samples from the South-West had higher quantities of magnesium, potassium, lead, and manganese according to the mineral composition, whereas those from the North-East had higher concentrations of calcium, sodium, and iron.…”

Comparative Evaluation of the Proximate, Mineral and Phytochemical Compositions of the Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Albizia zygia Leaves

“…Plants with high protein content help the body create and repair tissues, regulate bodily functions, and produce antibodies, hormones, and enzymes that help the body fight infections (Onuegbu and Iwu, 2020;Ojewuyi et al, 2014). Protein can stimulate growth, transfer molecules like oxygen, and fortify an animal's immune system (Ojewuyi et al, 2014;Asagba et al, 2010).…”

“…More than 300 enzymes that use adenosine triphosphate require magnesium (Nadeeshani et al, 2021). During cell division, it aids in the production of DNA and RNA (Serna and Bergwitz, 2020;Asagba et al, 2010).…”