Oxidative, Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Damage Potential of Novel Borenium and Borinium Compounds

Abstract

In this study, the biological properties of novel borenium and borinium compounds in terms of their oxidative, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects were assessed on cultured human peripheral blood cells, as well as several types of cancer cells. Our results revealed that the borinium compounds yielded the best results in terms of supporting total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In fact, borenium 1, borenium 2, borenium 3, borinium 4, and borinium 5 compounds elevated TAC levels of cultured human blood cells at rates of 42.8%, 101.5%, 69.8%, 33.3%, and 49.2%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the negative control and the groups treated with all borinium and borenium concentrations from the micronucleus (MN) and chromosome aberration (CA) assays, demonstrating the non-genotoxic effects. Moreover, borenium 1 (60.7% and 50.7%), borenium 2 (70.4% and 57.2%), borenium 3 (53.1% and 45.2%), borinium 4 (55.1% and 48.1%), and borinium 5 (51.0% and 36.1%) minimized the mitomycin C(MMC)-induced genotoxic damages at different rates as determined using CA and MN assays, respectively. Again, it was found that the borinium compounds exhibited higher cytotoxic activity on cancer cells when compared to borenium compounds. Consequently, in light of our in vitro findings, it was suggested that the novel borinium and borenium compounds could be used safely in pharmacology, cosmetics, and various medical fields due to their antioxidant and non-genotoxic features, as well as their cytotoxicity potential on cancer cells.

Boron Applications in Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy for High Global Burden Diseases

“…In this regard, Ortiz-Flores et al carried out the identification of BCCs active on triple-negative breast cancer cells; they demonstrated that phenanthren-9-yl boronic acid and 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl boronic acid have cytotoxic properties at sub-micromolar concentrations; however, the establishment of the mechanism of action requires additional evaluation [10]. Meanwhile, Oguzcan et al reported borenium and borinium derivatives as safe compounds in healthy human cells, but with moderate action against glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, prostate, and pharyngeal cancer cell lines [11].…”