Oxidative Stress: A Unifying Paradigm in Hypertension

Touyz, Rhian M.; Ríos, Francisco; Alves-Lopes, Rhéure; Neves, Karla B; Camargo, Livia L; Montezano, Augusto C.

doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.081

Cited by 188 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Potential biological pathways may include oxidative stress leading to impaired vasodilation [34][35][36][37]. Oxidative stress is proposed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension [38,39]. Moreover, intra-uterine exposure has been shown to reduce the number of nephrons at birth [40], which may be associated with over-activation of existing nephrons, pressure natriuresis, and blood pressure elevation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluoroalkyl substances are associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension in highly exposed young adults

et al. 2020

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Background Residents in a large area of North-Eastern Italy were exposed to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water. Studies on the association between PFAS and blood pressure levels are limited, and results are inconsistent. Using cross-sectional data from the Regional health surveillance program, we aimed to quantify the associations between PFAS serum concentrations and blood pressure and hypertension prevalence. Methods The study comprised 16,224 individuals aged 20–39 years. Pregnant women (n = 327), or individuals with missing information on the selected covariates (n = 111) were excluded, leaving 15,786 subjects for the analyses. Hypertension was defined as any self-reported diagnosis, use of antihypertensive drugs, or elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). Generalized additive models were used to investigate the relation between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) natural log (ln) transformed and by decile, and SBP, DBP, hypertension, adjusted for potential confounders. Results Both SBP and DBP increased significantly with an increase in the ln-transformed serum PFAS concentrations in a monotonic way. The predicted increase in SBP and DBP were 1.54 mmHg (95%CI 0.61–2.47), 1.60 mmHg (95%CI 0.92–2.27) from lowest to highest decile of PFOA. The associations were stronger for SBP in men and for DBP in women. One unit increase in each In-transformed PFAS was positively associated with an increased odd of hypertension in men: PFOA OR = 1.06 (1.01–1.11), PFOS OR = 1.13 (1.03–1.23), PFHxS OR = 1.08 (1.02–1.15), PFNA OR = 1.20 (1.02–1.40). Conclusions Our findings suggest that serum PFAS concentrations were associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a large highly exposed young adult population. Although the magnitude of the observed effect was relatively small, if confirmed it would be of public health relevance since even small increases in blood pressure levels at the population level may be associated to a raised risk of adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and target organ damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluoroalkyl substances are associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension in highly exposed young adults

et al. 2020

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“…There are numerous studies which reported persistently increased ROS levels in HT, along with vast improvement upon antioxidative treatment [121][122][123][124][125][126][127]. HT is connected with vascular remodeling, increased vasoconstriction and arterial stiffness, activation of immune cells, renal dysfunction, and excitation of sympathetic nervous system.…”

Section: Hypertension and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HT is connected with vascular remodeling, increased vasoconstriction and arterial stiffness, activation of immune cells, renal dysfunction, and excitation of sympathetic nervous system. Above phenomena are inseparably connected with endothelial dysfunction, LPO, inflammation, fibrosis and more, thus favoring the notion that OxS constitutes a common molecular phenomenon in multifactorial pathogenesis of HT [122]. Cardiovascular cells generate ROS due to action of several major enzymes: NOX, XOR, ERO, and uncoupled NOS.…”

Section: Hypertension and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress

Włodarski

Strycharz

Wróblewski

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Oxidative stress (OxS) is the cause and the consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the incidence and economic burden of which is increasing each year. OxS triggers the dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with metabolism and epigenetics, including microRNAs, which are biomarkers of metabolic disorders. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the interplay between microRNAs and OxS in MetS and its components. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the most relevant studies. Collected data suggested that different sources of OxS (e.g., hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, obesity, proinflammatory cytokines) change the expression of numerous microRNAs in organs involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and endothelium. Dysregulated microRNAs either directly or indirectly affect the expression and/or activity of molecules of antioxidative signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXOs, Keap1/Nrf2) along with effector enzymes (e.g., GPx-1, SOD1/2, HO-1), ROS producers (e.g., NOX4/5), as well as genes of numerous signaling pathways connected with inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, thus promoting the progression of metabolic imbalance. MicroRNAs appear to be important epigenetic modifiers in managing the delicate redox balance, mediating either pro- or antioxidant biological impacts. Summarizing, microRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets in ameliorating the repercussions of OxS in MetS.

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“…Potential biological pathway may include oxidative stress leading to impaired vasodilation [32][33][34][35]. Oxidative stress is proposed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension [36,37]. Moreover, intra-uterine exposure has been shown to reduce the number of nephrons at birth [38], which may be associated with over-activation of existing nephrons, pressure natriuresis, and BP elevation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluoroalkyl Substances Are Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Highly Exposed Young Adults

Pitter

Jeddi

Barbieri

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Residents in a large area of North-Eastern Italy were exposed to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water. Studies on the association between PFAS and blood pressure levels are limited and results inconsistent. Using cross-sectional data from the Regional health surveillance program, we aimed to quantify the associations between PFAS serum concentrations and blood pressure and hypertension prevalence. Methods The study included 16,224 individuals aged 20-39 years. Pregnant women (n=327), or individuals with missing information on the selected covariates (n=111) were excluded, leaving 15,786 subjects. Hypertension was defined as any self-reported diagnosis, use of antihypertensive drugs, or elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Generalized additive models were used to investigate the relation between each PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) ln transformed and by decile, and SBP, DBP, hypertension, adjusted for potential confounders. Results Both SBP and DBP increased significantly with an increase in the ln-transformed serum PFAS concentrations in a monotonic way. The predicted increase in SBP and DBP were 1.54 mmHg (95%CI 0.61-2.47), 1.60 mmHg (95%CI 0.92-2.27) from lowest to highest decile of PFOA. The associations were stronger for SBP in men and DBP in women. One unit increase in each natural log transformed PFAS was positively associated with an increased odd of hypertension in men: PFOA OR=1.06 (1.01-1.11), PFOS OR=1.13 (1.03-1.23), PFHxS OR=1.08 (1.02-1.15), PFNA OR=1.20 (1.02-1.40). Conclusions Our findings suggest that serum PFAS concentrations were associated with moderately increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a large highly exposed young adult population. Although the magnitude of the observed effect was relatively small, if confirmed it would be of clinical significance since even small increases in blood pressure levels at population level may be associated to a raised risk of adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and target organ damage.

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Oxidative Stress: A Unifying Paradigm in Hypertension

Cited by 188 publications

References 156 publications

Perfluoroalkyl substances are associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension in highly exposed young adults

Perfluoroalkyl substances are associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension in highly exposed young adults

The Role of microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress

Perfluoroalkyl Substances Are Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Highly Exposed Young Adults

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