Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants Under Drought Conditions

Hussain, Sajjad; Rao, Muhammad Junaid; Anjum, Muhammad Akbar; Ejaz, Shaghef; Zakir, Iqra; Ali, Muhammad Arif; Ahmad, Niaz; Ahmad, Shakeel

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06118-0_9

Cited by 89 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Serôdio et al [33] conclude that this increase in NPQ after exposure to different actinic light intensities indicates a recovery process after a stress period. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) play a photoprotective role since they eliminate reactive oxygen species, disperse excess energy in the form of heat or suppress lipid peroxidation [34]. The obtained results showed that water deficit caused a reduction of the chlorophyll content in susceptible genotypes such as Bacata, whereas cultivar Bachue showed an increase in this variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chlorophyll α Fluorescence Parameters as an Indicator to Identify Drought Susceptibility in Common Bush Bean

Sánchez-Reinoso¹,

Moreno²,

Restrepo-Díaz³

2019

Agronomy

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The common bean is susceptible to drought conditions and the evaluation of plant responses to low water availability can be difficult. The quantification of chlorophyll fluorescence as a sensitive trait to environmental stresses is an important alternative in the characterization of drought-susceptible genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate mainly the use of chlorophyll α fluorescence (maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)) and rapid light-response curves (RLCs) (initial slope of the curve (α), minimum saturation irradiance (Ik) and maximum relative electron transport rate (ETRmax)) parameters as tools for the identification of susceptible or tolerant bush bean cultivars to water deficit stress conditions in two different phenological stages. Using a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement, five bush bean cultivars (Cerinza, Bachue, NUA35, Bacata and Bianca) were evaluated under water deficit conditions by the suspension of irrigation for 15 days from 40 to 55 Days after Emergence (DAE) (vegetative stage) or 50 to 65 DAE (reproductive stage). The results showed that Fv/Fm and NPQ recorded the highest variation due to water deficit conditions, especially in the vegetative stage. The greatest reductions in Fv/Fm (0.67) and NPQ (0.71) were evidenced in cultivar NUA35 compared to its control plants (0.78 and 1.07, respectively). The parameters obtained from RLCs showed that cultivar Bacata registered the lowest α (0.17) and Ik (838.19 μmol∙m−2∙s−1) values compared to its control plants (α 0.23; Ik 769.99 μmol∙m−2∙s−1). Differences were only obtained in ETRmax in the reproductive stage (50–65 DAE) in which cultivar NUA35 reached values of 158.5 in stressed plants compared to control plants (251.22). In conclusion, the parameters derived from RLCs such as α and Ik can be used as tools to identify drought susceptibility in the vegetative stage, whereas ETRmax can be used in the reproductive stage. In addition, PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm and NPQ) can also help to understand the agronomic responses of common bush bean cultivars to drought conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chlorophyll α Fluorescence Parameters as an Indicator to Identify Drought Susceptibility in Common Bush Bean

Sánchez-Reinoso¹,

Moreno²,

Restrepo-Díaz³

2019

Agronomy

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“…Particularly, the enzymatic antioxidant components of the ASC-GSH pathway participate in ROS-scavenging [15]. In fact, many of these enzymes, such as DHAR, can be regulated during extreme environmental conditions, nutrient deficiency, or in presence of high salinity to confer high resistance and improved photosynthetic efficiency [22,23]. Thus, DHAR regulates the cell ASC redox state, which is responsible for the cell defense response and tolerance to several biotic and abiotic stresses [13,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel and Potentially Multifaceted Dehydroascorbate Reductase Increasing the Antioxidant Systems is Induced by Beauvericin in Tomato

et al. 2020

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Dehydroascorbate reductases (DHARs) are important enzymes that reconvert the dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) into ascorbic acid (ASC). They are involved in the plant response to oxidative stress, such as that induced by the mycotoxin beauvericin (BEA). Tomato plants were treated with 50 µM of BEA; the main antioxidant compounds and enzymes were evaluated. DHARs were analyzed in the presence of different electron donors by native and denaturing electrophoresis as well as by western blot and mass spectrometry to identify a novel induced protein with DHAR activity. Kinetic parameters for dehydroascorbate (DHA) and glutathione (GSH) were also determined. The novel DHAR was induced after BEA treatment. It was GSH-dependent and possessed lower affinity to DHA and GSH than the classical DHARs. Interestingly, the mass spectrometry analysis of the main band appearing on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed a chloroplast sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphatase, a key enzyme of the Calvin cycle, and a chloroplast mRNA-binding protein, suggesting that the DHA reducing capacity could be a side activity or the novel DHAR could be part of a protein complex. These results shed new light on the ascorbate-glutathione regulation network under oxidative stress and may represent a new way to increase the plant antioxidant defense system, plant nutraceutical value, and the health benefits of plant consumption.

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“…In conclusion, the wild type plants were more prone to superoxide radicals and ROS damage during drought stress. Drought-tolerant citrus varieties showed significantly higher antioxidant enzymatic activities and antioxidant capacity [20,[45][46][47] than the wild type plants; a significant increment in antioxidant enzymatic activities is correlated with drought tolerance in citrus [20]. Thus, our results demonstrated that the overexpression of the CsCYT75B1 gene contributes to drought tolerance via the high accumulation of antioxidant flavonoids with better antioxidant enzymatic activities (free radical scavenging capability) in all transgenic Arabidopsis lines.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Antioxidant Flavonoids In Overexpressed Linementioning

confidence: 53%

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Rao

Tang

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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CYTOCHROME P450s genes are a large gene family in the plant kingdom. Our earlier transcriptome data revealed that a CYTOCHROME P450 gene of Citrus sinensis (CsCYT75B1) was associated with flavonoid metabolism and was highly induced after drought stress. Here, we characterized the function of CsCYT75B1 in drought tolerance by overexpressing it in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of the CsCYT75B1 gene significantly enhanced the total flavonoid contents with increased antioxidant activity in transgenic Arabidopsis. The gene expression results showed that several genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids were induced by 2-12 fold in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. After 14 days of drought stress, all transgenic lines displayed an enhanced tolerance to drought stress along with accumulating antioxidant flavonoids with lower superoxide radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) than wild type plants. In addition, drought-stressed transgenic lines possessed higher antioxidant enzymatic activities than wild type transgenic lines. Moreover, the stressed transgenic lines had significantly lower levels of electrolytic leakage than wild type transgenic lines. These results demonstrate that the CsCYT75B1 gene of sweet orange functions in the metabolism of antioxidant flavonoid and contributes to drought tolerance by elevating ROS scavenging activities.

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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants Under Drought Conditions

Cited by 89 publications

References 60 publications

Chlorophyll α Fluorescence Parameters as an Indicator to Identify Drought Susceptibility in Common Bush Bean

Chlorophyll α Fluorescence Parameters as an Indicator to Identify Drought Susceptibility in Common Bush Bean

A Novel and Potentially Multifaceted Dehydroascorbate Reductase Increasing the Antioxidant Systems is Induced by Beauvericin in Tomato

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

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