Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Tamagno, Elena; Guglielmotto, Michela; Vasciaveo, Valeria; Tabaton, Massimo

doi:10.3390/antiox10091479

Cited by 116 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…Since what mainly differentiates this component from the third is the decreased anti-oxidant response, it may indicate that when anti-oxidant levels are insufficient, either because of low endogenous production or low dietary intake relative to OS levels, this may contribute to greater Aβ production. This is in line with prior research demonstrating consistent associations between OS and Aβ levels [ 37 ], and is also consistent with our understanding that OS is particularly involved in the early stages of AD pathophysiology [ 68 , 69 ]. In contrast and unlike the other components, the second component (increased inflammation associated with increased anti-oxidant activity) was not associated with any of the biomarkers in the two samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Systemic Inflammation Predicts Alzheimer Pathology in Community Samples without Dementia

et al. 2022

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Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it is unclear at what stage of the disease process inflammation first becomes manifest. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between specific plasma markers of inflammation and OS, tau, and Amyloid-β 38, 40, and 42 levels in cognitively unimpaired middle-age and older individuals. Associations between inflammatory states identified through principal component analysis and AD biomarkers were investigated in middle-age (52–56 years, n = 335, 52% female) and older-age (72–76 years, n = 351, 46% female) participants without dementia. In middle-age, a component reflecting variation in OS was most strongly associated with tau and to a lesser extent amyloid-β levels. In older-age, a similar component to that observed in middle-age was only associated with tau, while another component reflecting heightened inflammation independent of OS, was associated with all AD biomarkers. In middle and older-age, inflammation and OS states are associated with plasma AD biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Systemic Inflammation Predicts Alzheimer Pathology in Community Samples without Dementia

et al. 2022

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“…This results in an accumulation of A β and sustained pro-inflammatory cytokine singling beginning to damage neurons 7 . In addition, the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in patients with AD induces oxidative stress and further aggravates the production and aggregation of A β oligomer 8 . Thus, modulation of inflammation or preventing the formation of the free radicals has been one of the most dynamic areas in the search for new therapeutic targets for AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel O-alkyl ferulamide derivatives as multifunctional ligands for treating Alzheimer’s disease

Zhu

Bai

Wang

et al. 2022

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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Herein, a series of novel O -alkyl ferulamide derivatives were designed and synthesised through the multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) strategy. The biological activities in vitro showed that compounds 5a , 5d , 5e , 5f , and 5h indicated significantly selective MAO-B inhibitory potency (IC 50 = 0.32, 0.56, 0.54, 0.73, and 0.86 μM, respectively) and moderate antioxidant activity. Moreover, compounds 5a , 5d , 5e , 5f , and 5h showed potent anti-inflammatory properties, remarkable effects on self-induced A β 1-42 aggregation, and potent neuroprotective effect on A β 1-42 -induced PC12 cell injury. Furthermore, compounds 5a , 5d , 5e , 5f , and 5h presented good blood–brain barrier permeation in vitro and drug-like properties. More interesting, the PET/CT images with [ 11 C] 5f demonstrated that [ 11 C] 5f could penetrate the BBB with a high brain uptake and exhibited good brain clearance kinetic property. Therefore, compound 5f would be a promising multi-functional agent for the treatment of AD.

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“…Soluble oligomers initially form from the polymerization of the monomer of Aβ. Then further polymerization leads to the production of large fragments such as Aβ42, which then form insoluble amyloid fibrils [122,132].…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Mellitus: A Path to Amnesia, Personality, and Behavior Change

Ahmad

Chowdhury

Kumar

et al. 2022

Biology

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasingly being associated with cognition dysfunction. Dementia, including vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, is being recognized as comorbidities of this metabolic disorder. The progressive hallmarks of this cognitive dysfunction include mild impairment of cognition and cognitive decline. Dementia and mild impairment of cognition appear primarily in older patients. Studies on risk factors, neuropathology, and brain imaging have provided important suggestions for mechanisms that lie behind the development of dementia. It is a significant challenge to understand the disease processes related to diabetes that affect the brain and lead to dementia development. The connection between diabetes mellitus and dysfunction of cognition has been observed in many human and animal studies that have noted that mechanisms related to diabetes mellitus are possibly responsible for aggravating cognitive dysfunction. This article attempts to narrate the possible association between Type 2 diabetes and dementia, reviewing studies that have noted this association in vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease and helping to explain the potential mechanisms behind the disease process. A Google search for “Diabetes Mellitus and Dementia” was carried out. Search was also done for “Diabetes Mellitus”, “Vascular Dementia”, and “Alzheimer’s Disease”. The literature search was done using Google Scholar, Pubmed, Embase, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE. Keeping in mind the increasing rate of Diabetes Mellitus, it is important to establish the Type 2 diabetes’ effect on the brain and diseases of neurodegeneration. This narrative review aims to build awareness regarding the different types of dementia and their relationship with diabetes.

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Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Cited by 116 publications

References 166 publications

Systemic Inflammation Predicts Alzheimer Pathology in Community Samples without Dementia

Systemic Inflammation Predicts Alzheimer Pathology in Community Samples without Dementia

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel O-alkyl ferulamide derivatives as multifunctional ligands for treating Alzheimer’s disease

Diabetes Mellitus: A Path to Amnesia, Personality, and Behavior Change

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