Oxidative Stress and Dyslipidemia as Indicators of Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Sudanese Women

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) still ranks as one of obstetrics major problems and is still a serious threat, mainly in underdeveloped countries where its incidence and mortality rates are higher and is a major cause of preterm birth and intra-uterine growth restriction. Aim: To evaluate the role of oxidative stress and dyslipidemia as indicators of pathogenesis and risks of preeclampsia in pregnant Sudanese women attending Wad-Medani Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Hospital. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional (case-control) study carried out in preeclamptic pregnant Sudanese women attending Wad-Medani Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Hospital. A total of 208 pregnant women were enrolled in the study, 111 patients and 97 women with normal pregnancy as controls; pregnant women suffering from any systemic or endocrine disorder were excluded. We compared the serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, nitric oxide, and total antioxidant capacity between preeclamptic and controls. Result and Conclusion: Pregnant women with increase in BMI have a higher chance of developing PE. Low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol define that dyslipidemia increases the risk of PE. Decreased levels of NO and TAC might reflect the oxidative stress and likely contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms of PE.

High Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women in Ghana

“…Hyperlipidaemia in normal pregnancy is non-atherogenic, and attributed to hormonal changes. However, in preeclampsia, there is dysregulation of lipid metabolism, which manifests as abnormal maternal serum lipid levels [32][33][34]. Consistent with this study, several other studies have reported dyslipidaemia in preeclampsia and stated that abnormal lipid levels in pregnancy signi cantly contribute to the development of preeclampsia through the excessive deposition of triglycerides in the uterine spiral arteries which may result in endothelial dysfunction through the production of small dense LDL [32][33][34][35][36].…”

“…A healthy pregnancy is associated with physiologic hyperlipidemia to satisfy the demands of the developing foetus [32,33]. Hyperlipidaemia in normal pregnancy is non-atherogenic, and attributed to hormonal changes.…”

“…However, in preeclampsia, there is dysregulation of lipid metabolism, which manifests as abnormal maternal serum lipid levels [32][33][34]. Consistent with this study, several other studies have reported dyslipidaemia in preeclampsia and stated that abnormal lipid levels in pregnancy signi cantly contribute to the development of preeclampsia through the excessive deposition of triglycerides in the uterine spiral arteries which may result in endothelial dysfunction through the production of small dense LDL [32][33][34][35][36]. Although the women with preeclampsia in this study presented with abnormal serum lipid, no signi cant association between vitamin D de ciency and lipid was observed in both the normotensive women and preeclamptic women after adjusting for possible confounders.…”

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women in Ghana

“…A healthy pregnancy is associated with physiologic hyperlipidemia to satisfy the demands of the developing fetus [ 34 , 35 ]. Hyperlipidemia in normal pregnancy is non-atherogenic, and attributed to hormonal changes.…”