Oxidative Stress and Human Hypertension: Vascular Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Novel Therapies

Montezano, Augusto C.; Dulak‐Lis, Maria; Tsiropoulou, Sofia; Harvey, Adam; Briones, Ana M.; Touyz, Rhian M.

doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2015.02.008

Cited by 279 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in large amounts would overwhelm the neutralizing capacity of the antioxidative systems and may influence protein activity and cell function. 24 Chabrashvili et al 25 studied the expression of the NADPH oxidase system as a mechanism for increased oxidative stress in SHRs. The kidneys of SHRs showed the increased expression of genes for the main components of phagocyte NADPH oxidase.…”

Section: Interaction Of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation In The Devementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension as an autoimmune and inflammatory disease

et al. 2016

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Section: Interaction Of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation In The Devementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension as an autoimmune and inflammatory disease

et al. 2016

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“…29 Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are important in the pathogenesis and progression of essential hypertension. [30][31][32] However, the high concentration of HDOHEs in hypertension may instead reflect the augmented oxidative stress that is thought to play an important role in hypertension. 30 HDOHEs are generated during oxidative stress as auto-oxidized products of docosahexanoic acid.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Flaxseed Reduces Central Aortic Blood Pressure Without Cardiac Involvement but Through Changes in Plasma Oxylipins

et al. 2016

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Abstract-In the year-long FlaxPAD clinical trial (Flaxseed for Peripheral Artery Disease), dietary flaxseed generated a powerful reduction in brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with peripheral artery disease. Oxylipins were implicated as potential mechanistic mediators. However, the ability of flaxseed to impact central aortic hypertension, arterial stiffness, or cardiac performance was not investigated. Additionally, the relationship between central blood pressure (cBP) and oxylipins was not elucidated. Therefore, radial tonometry and pulse wave analysis were used to measure cBP and cardiac function in the FlaxPAD population (n=62). Plasma oxylipins were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. In patients with high blood pressure at baseline, the average decrease in central systolic and diastolic blood pressures versus placebo was 10 and 6 mm Hg, respectively. Flaxseed did not significantly impact augmentation index or other cardiac function indices. Alternatively, the data support several specific oxylipins as potential mediators in the antihypertensive properties of flaxseed. For example, every 1 nmol/L increase in plasma 16-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid increased the odds of higher central systolic and diastolic blood pressures by 12-and 9-fold, respectively. Every 1 nmol/L increase in plasma thromboxane B 2 and 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid increased the odds of higher cBP by 33-and 9-fold, respectively. Flaxseed induced a decrease in many oxylipins, which corresponded with a reduced risk of elevated cBP. These data extend the antihypertensive properties of flaxseed to cBP without cardiac involvement but rather through oxylipins. This study provides further support for oxylipins as therapeutic targets in hypertension. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00781950.

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“…The contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction but also the development of advanced structural changes such as increased vascular stiffness and atherosclerosis is well established [58]. Beyond the vasculature altered ROS production plays a crucial role in the kidneys and only recently the contribution of site specific expression of sources of ROS such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced oxidase 5 (Nox5) in the kidneys has been recognised [59].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Biomarkers in the Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertensive Patients

Currie

Delles

2016

Curr Hypertens Rep

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The current definition of hypertension is based on blood pressure values, and blood pressure also drives treatment decisions, is the most important treatment monitoring tool and helps estimating risk of hypertension related organ damage. In an era of precision medicine additional biomarkers are needed in the diagnosis and management of patients with hypertension. In this review we outline the areas in which functional, imaging and circulating biomarkers could help in a more individualised definition of hypertension and associated risk. We will cover biomarkers for diagnosis; of pathophysiology and prediction of hypertension; response to treatment, organ damage; and to monitor treatment. A clear focus is on the vasculature, the heart and the kidneys, whereas we see a need to further develop biomarkers of cerebral function in order to diagnose cognition deficits and monitor changes in cognition in the future to support addressing the growing burden of hypertension associated vascular dementia.3

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Oxidative Stress and Human Hypertension: Vascular Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Novel Therapies

Cited by 279 publications

References 114 publications

Hypertension as an autoimmune and inflammatory disease

Hypertension as an autoimmune and inflammatory disease

Dietary Flaxseed Reduces Central Aortic Blood Pressure Without Cardiac Involvement but Through Changes in Plasma Oxylipins

Use of Biomarkers in the Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertensive Patients

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