Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Key Targets of Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression and Vulnerability: Potential Impact of Physical Activity

Hypertension is associated with increased post‐exercise albuminuria, which may be attenuated by an active lifestyle

“…Increased METS achieved by a routine Bruce‐protocol stress test, which is related to fitness, was also related to decreased delta ACR, which provided further evidence to strengthen our findings. It is well established that regular physical activity can attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation …”

“…It is well established that regular physical activity can attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation. 31,32 Previous studies have shown that exercise training improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in coronary vessels in patients with coronary disease and congestive heart failure and improves both endothelial nitric oxide formation and endothelium-dependent vasodilation of skeletal muscle vasculature. [33][34][35][36] Physical activity could have similar effects on the renal vascular endothelium, which contributes to a reduction in albumin excretion.…”

COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of quarantine on cardiovascular risk

“…It is well recognized that chronic physical activity attenuates oxidative stress in healthy subjects via the improvement of antioxidant enzyme capacities and inflammation via the enhancement of anti-inflammatory molecules [23]. The reduction of physical activity worsens cardiovascular risk by increasing cardiovascular risk factors burden.…”

Chrysophanol: a review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics

“…In addition, chrysophanol inhibited the production of IL‐6, TNF‐α and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 as well as the reduction of adiponectin production in 3T3‐L1 cells . Therefore, chrysophanol was expected to be used for thrombosis and atherosclerotic diseases . In addition, in diabetic mice, chrysophanol could improve neuronal mortality and the number of astrocytes in the hippocampal CA3 region by down‐regulating the expression of pro‐inflammation cytokines .…”

“…[63] Therefore, chrysophanol was expected to be used for thrombosis and atherosclerotic diseases. [64,65] In addition, in diabetic mice, chrysophanol could improve neuronal mortality and the number of astrocytes in the hippocampal CA3 region by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammation cytokines. [66] Moreover, chrysophanol enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor, HMG-CoAR and CYP7A1 and significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression of ACAT2 in liver cell Bel-7402.…”