Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Parameters After an Ironman Race

Abstract

An Ironman race provokes significant alterations in oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters. Thus, more studies with other markers and different designs are needed to elucidate the cellular alterations induced by an IR.

Effects of Long-Term Aerobic Exercise on the Antioxidant System and Lymphocyte Dna Damage by Triathlon Distance

“…22 Pinho et al measured an average weight loss of 2 kg after the Ironman course (3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling, and 42.2 km running). 23 A previous study found an average weight loss of 2.3 and 2.5 kg after the Ironman race. 19 These values were lower than the 4.2 kg weight loss after the O2 course found in our study, presumably because although the Ironman course is longer than the O2 course, athletes perform the Ironman course with lower exercise intensity than the O2 course, in which the goal is to finish the race.…”

Dano muscular e perfil imunológico no triatlo ironman Brasil

“…However, other factors, associated with or independent from muscle damage, such as nutritional status and use of antioxidants may influence on the interleukins responses [16][17][18][19] . In the present study, these factors were not controlled, which becomes a limitation of it.…”

Impacto do triatlon ironman sobre os parametros de estresse oxidative. DOI:10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n2p174

“…This causes a concomitant increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent oxidative damage to cellular structure because of oxidation of membrane lipids, protein carbonylation, carbohydrate oxidation, and damage to nucleic acids 9 . In addition, other phenomena may prompt the production of ROS during long sports competitions, such as migration of polymorphonuclear cells to the injured tissue and ischemic muscle response 5 . According Cruzat et al 10 , individuals who undergo intense and prolonged exercise or exhaustive training, or even those with very high training frequency may exceed the capacity of endogenous antioxidant system and, consequently, cause severe muscle injuries, with subsequent inflammation and oxidative stress.…”

“…In endurance races, the athletes' physical wear causes a significant energy demand and substantial change in the antioxidant defense mechanisms and reduced cellular repair system 5 . As a result, some studies suggest an increase in oxidative damage of biomolecules due to increased ROS generated mainly via the mitochondrial respiratory chain, incomplete reduction of oxygen, as well as decrease in antioxidant defense system 13,15 .…”

“…These competitions require high resistance and can lead to heat stress and dehydration 1,2 , muscle injury 3 , oxidative stress, and inflammation 4,5 . Among the biochemical and physiological changes affecting ironman athletes, researchers have focused their attention on oxidative stress 6,7 .…”