Oxidative Stress and Severe Walking Disability among Older Women

Semba, Richard D.; Ferrucci, Luigi; Sun, Kai; Walston, Jeremy D.; Varadhan, Ravi; Guralnik, Jack M.; Fried, Linda P.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.028

Cited by 115 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, ROS can damage muscle tissue and as a result impair mobility and heart function (e.g. Semba et al 2007;Costa et al 2008). Therefore, predator-induced oxidative stress may reduce future escape performance in the prey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food level and sex shape predator-induced physiological stress: immune defence and antioxidant defence

2009

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Despite the potential impact on prey fitness and predator-prey interactions, most studies of predation risk ignore physiological responses and their dependence upon food level and sex. Therefore, we reared male and female larvae of the damselfly Lestes viridis under predator stress (dragonfly larvae) at high and low food levels, and subsequently scored for important variables of insect immune defence (i.e. phenoloxidase) and antioxidant defence [i.e. superoxide dismutase, and catalase (CAT)]. Under predation risk, larvae did not decrease growth rate or immune defence, and only slightly reduced food intake in the high food treatment, probably because of time stress, i.e. little time available to complete the larval development. However, larvae facing predator stress did show an upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. This upregulation was dependent upon food level for CAT and both food level and sex for SOD, consistent with energetic constraints and sex differences in the link between longevity and adult fitness. Our results illustrate that predator stress can influence life history, behavioural and physiological responses differentially and in a context-dependent way. This implies that non-consumptive physiological effects of predators on their prey show independent yet similar complexities in behavioural and life history response variables. In general, our results advocate that mechanistic studies on predator-prey interactions may benefit from including physiological variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food level and sex shape predator-induced physiological stress: immune defence and antioxidant defence

2009

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“…The most important factor may be insulin resistance or insulin depletion associated with elderly DM [2,4,5,67], since insulin exerts its anabolic effect on muscle [37]. In addition, hyperglycemia has an additive or independent effect on microvascular complications [68], possibly leading to the impairment of multiple organs associated with frailty [69]. In this mechanism, glucosemediated cellular oxidative stress [70] and chronic inflammation [71][72][73] might be involved in the process of frailty development.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Frailty In Dm Patients Especially With Respmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frailty in elderly diabetes patients

Yanase

Yanagita

Muta³

et al. 2018

Endocr J

140

104

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Abstract. Frailty is a state of vulnerability and a consequence of cumulative decline in multiple physiological systems over a lifespan. The occurrence of frailty depends on deterioration in muscle and nerve function, declining cardiopulmonary reserve and loss of executive function. Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes functional impairment in each of the above systems, thus leading to a loss of whole body homeostasis and deterioration in physical function. Inability of self-management in DM patients may also have considerable impact on the development of sarcopenia/frailty. Thus, there may be positive feedback between the progression of diabetic complications and frailty/sarcopenia. While various factors are involved in this process, insulin resistance or insulin depletion may be an important factor in the progression of frailty in diabetes patients since insulin is well known to be an anabolic hormone in muscle. Interestingly, in our study targeting elderly DM patients, low HbA1c was a significant and independent risk factor for frailty, as assessed using a broad sense frailty scale, the Clinical Frailty Scale (CSF), suggesting that reverse metabolism due to malnutrition in elderly type 2 DM patients might be involved. Therefore, an intervention that includes proper nutrition and exercise training may be essential for the prevention of frailty. The pathogenesis of frailty in DM patients is extensively discussed in this review.

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“…The term PEW is preferred to protein-energy malnutrition because some causes of PEW are not related to inadequate nutrient intake. Causes of PEW in CKD patients include reduced nutrient intake, losses of nutrients during dialysis, superimposed catabolic illnesses, non specific inflammation, acidemia, catabolic stress from dialysis procedure, low levels or resistance to anabolic hormones such as insulin, IGF-1, increased levels of catabolic hormones as parathyroid hormone and glucagon, blood losses from blood drawing or gastrointestinal bleeding [21] and oxidative stress [22]. Physical activity, in general, is decreased in dialysis patients and teds to decrease with age in both the general population [23] and maintenance hemo dialysis (MHD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frailty, Disability and Physical Exercise in the Aging Process and in Chronic Kidney Disease

Greco¹,

Paroni²,

Seripa³

et al. 2014

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Frailty in the elderly is a state of vulnerability to poor resolution of homoeostasis after a stressor event and is a consequence of cumulative decline in many physiological systems during a lifetime. This cumulative decline depletes homoeostatic reserves until minor stressor events trigger disproportionate changes in health status. It is usually associated to adverse health outcomes and to one-year mortality risk. Physical exercise has found to be effective in preventing frailty and disability in this population. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also a clinical condition where protein energy-wasting, sarcopenia and dynapenia ,very common symptoms in the frail elderly, may occur. Moreover elderly and CKD patients are both affected by an impaired physical performance that may be reversed by physical exercise with an improvement of the survival rate. These similarities suggest that frailty may be a common pathway of aging and CKD that may induce disability and that can be prevented by a multidimensional approach in which physical exercise plays an important role.

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Oxidative Stress and Severe Walking Disability among Older Women

Cited by 115 publications

References 26 publications

Food level and sex shape predator-induced physiological stress: immune defence and antioxidant defence

Food level and sex shape predator-induced physiological stress: immune defence and antioxidant defence

Frailty in elderly diabetes patients

Frailty, Disability and Physical Exercise in the Aging Process and in Chronic Kidney Disease

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