Oxidative stress and stroke: a review of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapeutic options

Komsiiska, Detelina

doi:10.1007/s00580-019-02940-z

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…[ 44 ] Even though the role of ROS has been implicated in different pathologies such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases; the brain is particularly sensitive to oxidative stress and excessive production of ROS. [ 45 ] ROS imbalance is further exacerbated by the endothelial disruption and conformational changes that interrupts cell-to-cell adhesion inducing BBB breakdown, viral invasion, and inflammatory mediator infiltration. [ 46 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous cardio-cerebral infarction in the coronavirus disease pandemic era

Eskandarani

Sahli²,

Sawan³

et al. 2021

Medicine

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Introduction: Simultaneous occurrence of acute ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction is reported to have variable precipitating causes. This occurrence has been rarely reported in the literature and described only in very few case reports. During the surge of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in our region, we noted an increase in the simultaneous occurrence of cardio-cerebral infarction. This led us to explore the possible mechanisms and pathophysiology that could contribute to this increase. The retrospective nature of the study limited us from drawing any conclusion about causation. Rather, we aimed to formulate a hypothesis for future, more rigorous studies. Patient concerns: We present an overview of 5 cases of simultaneous cardio-cerebral infarction that we encountered in our emergency department within 1 month. Diagnosis: In all cases, diagnosis was confirmed using an electrocardiogram, assessment of laboratory cardiac markers, and imaging. Interventions: In all cases, dual antiplatelet therapy was started and thrombolysis was held, as the condition was considered high risk in most of the patients. Cardiac catheterization lab was not activated either because the patient was unstable or the risk of COVID-19 in staff outweighed the benefit added in patient treatment. Outcomes: Two out of 5 patients died because of early complications that lasted for few days. The remaining 3 were discharged from the hospital in moderate functionality for extensive therapy and rehabilitation. Conclusion: Early recognition and immediate treatment is important in different scenarios leading to thrombosis as the outcome. Additionally, addressing the unknown risks that could contribute to our traditional understanding of these causative mechanisms is important. The hypothesis of exacerbated damage caused by inflammatory and immunological endothelial systemic damage should further be explored to be able to delineate new possibilities in managing these conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous cardio-cerebral infarction in the coronavirus disease pandemic era

Eskandarani

Sahli²,

Sawan³

et al. 2021

Medicine

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“…The protective effect of carnosine was demonstrated in experimental acute hypobaric hypoxia and cerebral ischemia in human. So, it was further concluded to recommend inclusion of both emoxipin and carnosine in a combined treatment of ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation 67 .…”

Section: Synthetic Drugs Used In Cerebral Ischemic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

IJPSR

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In aerobic organisms, oxygen is essential for sufficient energy production but self-contradictory, produces chronic toxic stress in cells. So, protective techniques must exist for removal of toxic free radicals which are byproducts of oxygen. Diverse protective systems have evolved to enable adaptation of antioxidant activity. Tissues and organs have different rates of metabolic activity and oxygen consumption. Their levels of antioxidants are also different. Such is the case with glutathione (GSH) and cysteine, which are lower in the brain than the liver, kidney, or muscle. Investigations of oxidative responses in different complex organisms such as mammals, organs, and tissues which contain distinct antioxidant systems and this may form the basis for differential susceptibility to toxic agents. Notable advances have been made in our understanding of these distinct systems, with several antioxidant systems and their regulatory pathways being described at the cellular level, thus understanding the pathways leading to the induction of antioxidant responses will enable development of strategies to protect against oxidative damage.

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“…The pathogenesis of stroke-induced psychopathological conditions is always complex and has not been sufficiently studied to date. The physical impairment and depression, are the link between neuropsychological sequelae and other diseases (11,12). For many years, only the psychogenic response to the disability was believed to be the major cause of post-stroke depression (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of post-stroke depression

Komsiyska¹

2019

TJS

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The purpose of this manuscript is to present our research on post-stroke depression and compare them to previous observations. Depression is a very common among disorders found in stroke patients, thus there is а high necessity in its research. We have used a contingent of 93 patients in the acute phase after stroke, which were treated at the Neurological Clinic to the University Hospital "Prof. Dr. Stoyan Kirkovich" in Stara Zagora for the period 2015 – 2016. We tested them with The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-17) and analyzed the results with Statistica, version 10 (StatSoft, Inc.). We found high occurrence of depression in stroke patients. We tested for its severity and for its different symptoms in order to compare them to other studies and discover which are most common in post-stroke depression. As a conclusion, we summarize our results that among our contingent there are predominantly mild and moderate depressive disorders with reduced mood, sadness, increased psychic and somatic anxiety, insomnia, somatic complaints and superfluous hypochondriac thoughts.

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Oxidative stress and stroke: a review of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapeutic options

Cited by 23 publications

References 76 publications

Simultaneous cardio-cerebral infarction in the coronavirus disease pandemic era

Simultaneous cardio-cerebral infarction in the coronavirus disease pandemic era

Untitled

Symptoms of post-stroke depression

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