Oxidative stress biomarkers and aggressive behavior in fish exposed to aquatic cadmium contamination

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible link between cadmium exposure, hepatic markers of oxidative stress and aggressive behavior in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were first exposed to 0.75 mg/L CdCl 2 for 15 days (12 isolated fish for each group) and afterward a behavioral test was performed. Fish from the control and cadmium-exposed groups were paired for 1 h (6 pairs of fish per group) for determination of aggressiveness parameters. Immediately after the behavioral test, the animals were sacrificed and the liver was used to determine biochemical parameters. Cadmium decreased aggression in Nile tilapia. Subordinate animals exposed to cadmium showed decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity compared to dominant ones. No alterations were observed in selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase Se-GSH-P and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activities, but total superoxide dismutase activity was increased in subordinate animals exposed to cadmium compared to subordinate control. Catalase activity was increased in cadmium-exposed fish. Lipoperoxide concentrations also increased in cadmium exposed fish indicating that cadmium toxicity may affect oxidative stress biomarkers in Nile tilapia. Social stress induced lipoperoxidation in Nile tilapia, and subordinate animals exposed to cadmium responded with lower activities of liver antioxidant enzymes compared to dominant fish. The present study shows that cadmium exposure is capable of inducing changes in the social status and oxidative stress parameters in this species.O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a possível relação entre a exposição ao cádmio, os marcadores hepáticos de estresse oxidativo e o comportamento agressivo em tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Os peixes foram primeiramente expostos à concentração de 0,75 mg/L de CdCl 2 durante 15 dias (12 peixes isolados em cada grupo), após o qual o teste de comportamento foi aplicado. Peixes do grupo controle e do grupo exposto ao cádmio foram pareados durante 1 hora (6 pares de peixes por grupo) para determinação de parâmetros de agressividade. Imediatamente após o teste comportamental, os animais foram sacrificados e o fígado foi coletado para as determinações bioquímicas. O cádmio diminuiu a agressão em tilápias do Nilo. Animais subordinados e expostos ao cádmio mostraram uma redução na atividade da enzima glutationa peroxidase (GSH-Px), quando comparados aos dominantes. Nenhuma alteração foi observada na atividade da glutationa peroxidase dependente de selênio (Se-GSH-P) e na superóxido dismutase Cu Zn, mas a atividade total da superóxido dismutase aumentou em animais subordinados e expostos ao cádmio, quando comparado ao controle subordinado. A atividade da catalase aumentou em peixes expostos ao cádmio. As concentrações de lipoperóxido aumentaram em peixes expostos ao cádmio, indicando que a toxicidade deste pode afetar os biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo em tilápias do Nilo. O estresse social induziu lipoperoxidação em tilápia do Nilo e animais subordinados e expo...

Determination of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Levels in Kangal Dogs with Maternal Cannibalism

“…Rammal et al (2010) reported a positive correlation as a statistically significant between oxidative stress and aggressive behavior in male adult rats. Almeida et al (2009) investigated the relationship between oxidative stress and liver markers after cadmium exposure in order to evaluate aggressive behavior in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In cats exposed to cadmium, the decrease and decrease in aggression behaviors were reflected in glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) levels.…”

Antioxidative responses in zebrafish liver exposed to sublethal doses Aphanizomenon flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins

“…In fish liver, agents reported to induce lipid peroxidation include cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, herbicides, and heavy metals (Almeida et al, 2009;Mela et al, 2013). However, data are limited concerning lipid peroxidation in fish liver following exposure to cyanobacterial neurotoxins or PSPs.…”

“…SOD catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to H 2 O 2 , a precursor to the highly reactive OH -radical (Almeida et al, 2009). Previous studies demonstrated that toxicants such as microcystin, insecticides, chemical dyes, and heavy metals upregulate SOD levels in fish liver (Xu et al, 2009;Jin et al, 2010), but few studies have addressed hepatic SOD level in fish exposed to cyanobacterial neurotoxins or PSPs (Gavrilović et al, 2014).…”

Urinary Cadmium and Albumin Levels among Residents Living Close to Dumpsite in the Deli Serdang District of Indonesia

“…Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal commonly found in the environment, has highly toxic effects, even at low concentrations [1]. Open dumping waste management landfill methods provide a source of anthropogenically produced Cd.…”