Oxidative Stress, Environmental Pollution, and Lifestyle as Determinants of Asthma in Children

Vincenzo, Serena Di; Ferrante, Giuliana; Ferraro, Maria; Cascio, Caterina; Malizia, Velia; Licari, Amelia; Grutta, Stefania La; Pace, Elisabetta

doi:10.3390/biology12010133

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…NF-κB can be generate oxidative stress, leading to regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzymes, and adhesion molecules [ 67 ]. Inflammatory processes associated with asthma have a dynamic relationship with increased levels of ROS [ 68 ]. These findings highlight the interplay between oxidative stress and airway inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model

dos Santos,

Righetti,

do Nascimento Camargo

et al. 2024

J Inflamm

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Introduction Pollution harms the health of people with asthma. The effect of the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway in chronic allergic inflammation associated to pollution is poorly understood. Methods One hundred eight animals were divided into 18 groups (6 animals). Groups included: wild type mice (WT), genetically modified with reduced VAChT (VAChTKD), and those sensitized with ovalbumin (VAChTKDA), exposed to metal powder due to iron pelletizing in mining company (Local1) or 3.21 miles away from a mining company (Local2) in their locations for 2 weeks during summer and winter seasons. It was analyzed for hyperresponsivity, inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress responses and the cholinergic system. Results During summer, animals without changes in the cholinergic system revealed that Local1 exposure increased the hyperresponsiveness (%Rrs, %Raw), and inflammation (IL-17) relative to vivarium animals, while animals exposed to Local2 also exhibited elevated IL-17. During winter, animals without changes in the cholinergic system revealed that Local2 exposure increased the hyperresponsiveness (%Rrs) relative to vivarium animals. Comparing the exposure local of these animals during summer, animals exposed to Local1 showed elevated %Rrs, Raw, and IL-5 compared to Local 2, while in winter, Local2 exposure led to more IL-17 than Local1. Animals with VAChT attenuation displayed increased %Rrs, NFkappaB, IL-5, and IL-13 but reduced alpha-7 compared to animals without changes in the cholinergic system WT. Animals with VAChT attenuation and asthma showed increased the hyperresponsiveness, all inflammatory markers, remodeling and oxidative stress compared to animals without chronic lung inflammation. Exposure to Local1 exacerbated the hyperresponsiveness, oxidative stressand inflammation in animals with VAChT attenuation associated asthma, while Local2 exposure led to increased inflammation, remodeling and oxidative stress. Conclusions Reduced cholinergic signaling amplifies lung inflammation in a model of chronic allergic lung inflammation. Furthermore, when associated with pollution, it can aggravate specific responses related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and remodeling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model

dos Santos,

Righetti,

do Nascimento Camargo

et al. 2024

J Inflamm

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“…Several other environmental and lifestyle factors, such as exposure to cigarette smoke, respiratory infections and an unhealthy diet, contribute to the development of pediatric asthma through mechanisms only partially understood, also involving oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory triggers. Their impact on pediatric asthma development and severity represents a matter of critical importance, which deserves an intensive research effort [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric asthma and altitude: a complex interplay between different environmental factors

Bisoffi,

Sassudelli,

Agostinis

et al. 2024

Ital J Pediatr

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Asthma is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, and its prevalence and morbidity are influenced by a wide array of factors that are only partially understood. In addition to individual predisposition linked to genetic background and early life infections, environmental factors are crucial in determining the impact of asthma both on an individual patient and on a population level.Several studies have examined the role of the environment where asthmatic subjects live in the pathogenesis of asthma. This review aims to investigate the differences in the prevalence and characteristics of asthma between the pediatric population residing at higher altitudes and children living at lower altitudes, trying to define factors that potentially determine such differences. For this purpose, we reviewed articles from the literature concerning observational studies assessing the prevalence of pediatric asthma in these populations and its characteristics, such as spirometric and laboratory parameters and associated sensitization to aeroallergens.Despite the heterogeneity of the environments examined, the hypothesis of a beneficial effect of residing at a higher altitude on the prevalence of pediatric asthma could be confirmed, as well as a good profile on airway inflammation in asthmatic children. However, the possibility of a higher hospitalization risk for asthma in children living at higher altitudes was demonstrated. Moreover, a positive association between residing at a higher altitude and sensitization to pollens and between lower altitude and sensitization to house dust mites could be confirmed in some pediatric patients, even if the results are not homogeneous, probably due to the different geographical and climatic regions considered. Nonetheless, further studies, e.g., extensive and international works, need to be conducted to better understand the complex interplay between different environmental factors, such as altitude, and the pathogenesis of asthma and how its prevalence and characteristics could vary due to climate change.

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“…As well as aging, other internal or endogenous causes of free radical production include inflammation, ischemia, infection, cancer, excessive exercise and mental stress. Exogenous (external) risk factors include cigarette smoking, cooking (smoked meat, used oil and fat), certain drugs, heavy metals and environmental pollutants (59). Due to elevated levels of ROS in the bloodstream, a procoagulant state may be further facilitated through the oxidative modification of coagulation-associated proteins.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Coagulation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Thrombophilia: Focus on Pregnancy-Related Pathophysiological Mechanisms

Dimitrijevic,

Jakovljevic,

Jovic

et al. 2024

Experimental and Applied Biomedical Research (EABR)

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Thrombophilia, characterized by an increased tendency to form blood clots, presents a substantial risk during pregnancy, potentially impacting maternal and fetal outcomes. This review explores the intricate relationship between thrombophilia and oxidative stress, shedding light on their combined influence on blood clot formation. Specifically, endothelial dysfunction, driven by oxidative stress, emerges as a pivotal factor in thrombophilia, setting the stage for increased platelet activation and altered coagulation factors. Factors like Factor V Leiden mutation, Prothrombin G20210A mutation, and deficiencies in antithrombin, protein C, and protein S contribute to the pro-thrombotic state observed in thrombophilia. Furthermore, inflammation, closely intertwined with oxidative stress, exacerbates the risk of blood clot formation. Inflammatory responses lead to endothelial activation, altered endothelial function, and increased adhesion molecules expression, disrupting the delicate balance between pro- and anti-coagulant factors. Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as autoimmune disorders, potentiate a persistent state of heightened clotting risk. Additionally, impaired antioxidant defenses compound the prothrombotic state by allowing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby contributing to oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction. Understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial for tailored thrombophilia management, particularly in pregnancy. Treatment strategies encompass a multifaceted approach, including anticoagulant medications, lifestyle modifications, and targeted interventions to improve endothelial health. The complex nature of thrombophilia underscores the need for a collaborative healthcare approach, involving hematologists and high-risk pregnancy specialists. Early detection, vigilant monitoring, and timely intervention are paramount in mitigating risks for both mother and baby.

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Oxidative Stress, Environmental Pollution, and Lifestyle as Determinants of Asthma in Children

Cited by 15 publications

References 127 publications

Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model

Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model

Pediatric asthma and altitude: a complex interplay between different environmental factors

Oxidative Stress and Thrombophilia: Focus on Pregnancy-Related Pathophysiological Mechanisms

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